starknet_patricia_storage: cache reads with gatherable storage

[nimrod-starkware]

Note

Medium Risk
Changes caching behavior by seeding CachedStorage from concurrently gathered reads, which could impact performance/memory and cache correctness if assumptions about immutability/staleness are violated. Touches concurrency-related task execution plumbing but is scoped to read-path caching.

Overview
CachedStorage now participates in GatherableStorage and backfills its LRU from gathered reads. Running gather() on CachedStorage collects all key/value reads performed by concurrent StorageTasks (via run_tasks_and_collect_reads) and inserts them into the cache for subsequent lookups.

Separately, the default GatherableStorage::gather implementation was adjusted to call run_tasks_and_collect_reads(&*self, ...) and a comment typo was fixed.

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[reviewable-StarkWare]

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[nimrod-starkware]

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• starknet_committer: create storage tries concurrently based on wether storage is gatherable #13634
• starknet_patricia_storage: add as_gatherable_storage to storage trait #13633
• starknet_committer: create storage tries concurrently #13632
• starknet_patricia_storage: cache reads with gatherable storage #13631 👈 (View in Graphite)
• starknet_patricia_storage: define gatherable storage trait #13630
• starknet_patricia_storage: define storage task trait #13629
• starknet_committer: util for single storage trie creation #13358 : 1 other dependent PR (#13359 )
• starknet_committer: create sotrage tries sequentially #12166 : 1 other dependent PR (#12167 )
• starknet_patricia_storage: remove code dup for mget #12175 : 1 other dependent PR (#12201 )
• starknet_patricia_storage: spawn a task or not based on config #12174
• starknet_patricia_storage: add config field to rocksDB storage #12173
• starknet_patricia_storage: add config field to rocksDB #12172
• starknet_patricia_storage: spawn blocking tasks for rocksDB reads #12168 : 1 other dependent PR (#12169 )
• starknet_patricia_storage: always cache writes in cached storage #12443 : 2 other dependent PRs (#12444 , #13357 )
• starknet_patricia_storage: define reads collector storage #13240 : 1 other dependent PR (#13354 )
• starknet_patricia_storage: immutable read for cached storage #13237 : 1 other dependent PR (#13238 )
• starknet_patricia_storage: atomic counters for read stats #12122 : 1 other dependent PR (#12251 )
• starknet_patricia_storage: introduce immutable read only storage #13236
• starknet_committer: use read only storage if possible #13235
• starknet_patricia_storage: rename mutable getters #13379
• starknet_patricia_storage: split storage trait #13234
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