[pull] master from ruby:master

bignum.c

@@ -4515,7 +4515,7 @@ rb_str2big_gmp(VALUE arg, int base, int badcheck)
 
 #if HAVE_LONG_LONG
 
-static VALUE
+VALUE
 rb_ull2big(unsigned LONG_LONG n)
 {
     long i;
@@ -4537,7 +4537,7 @@ rb_ull2big(unsigned LONG_LONG n)
     return big;
 }
 
-static VALUE
+VALUE
 rb_ll2big(LONG_LONG n)
 {
     long neg = 0;
@@ -4575,7 +4575,7 @@ rb_ll2inum(LONG_LONG n)
 #endif  /* HAVE_LONG_LONG */
 
 #ifdef HAVE_INT128_T
-static VALUE
+VALUE
 rb_uint128t2big(uint128_t n)
 {
     long i;

doc/language/globals.md

@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ No \English.
 ### `$/` (Input Record Separator)
 
 An input record separator, initially newline.
-Set by the command-line option `-0`.
+Set by the [command-line option `-0`].
 
 Setting to non-nil value by other than the command-line option is
 deprecated.
@@ -188,7 +188,9 @@ Aliased as `$-0`.
 ### `$\` (Output Record Separator)
 
 An output record separator, initially `nil`.
-Copied from `$/` when the command-line option `-l` is given.
+
+Copied from `$/` when the [command-line option `-l`] is
+given.
 
 Setting to non-nil value by other than the command-line option is
 deprecated.
@@ -328,8 +330,8 @@ The value returned by method ARGF.filename.
 
 ### `$DEBUG`
 
-Initially `true` if command-line option `-d` or `--debug` is given,
-otherwise initially `false`;
+Initially `true` if [command-line option `-d`] or
+[`--debug`][command-line option `-d`] is given, otherwise initially `false`;
 may be set to either value in the running program.
 
 When `true`, prints each raised exception to `$stderr`.
@@ -338,8 +340,8 @@ Aliased as `$-d`.
 
 ### `$VERBOSE`
 
-Initially `true` if command-line option `-v` or `-w` is given,
-otherwise initially `false`;
+Initially `true` if [command-line option `-v`] or
+[`-w`][command-line option `-w`] is given, otherwise initially `false`;
 may be set to either value, or to `nil`, in the running program.
 
 When `true`, enables Ruby warnings.
@@ -353,7 +355,7 @@ Aliased as `$-v` and `$-w`.
 ### `$-F`
 
 The default field separator in String#split; must be a String or a
-Regexp, and can be set with command-line option `-F`.
+Regexp, and can be set with [command-line option `-F`].
 
 Setting to non-nil value by other than the command-line option is
 deprecated.
@@ -362,28 +364,28 @@ Aliased as `$;`.
 
 ### `$-a`
 
-Whether command-line option `-a` was given; read-only.
+Whether [command-line option `-a`] was given; read-only.
 
 ### `$-i`
 
-Contains the extension given with command-line option `-i`,
+Contains the extension given with [command-line option `-i`],
 or `nil` if none.
 
 An alias of ARGF.inplace_mode.
 
 ### `$-l`
 
-Whether command-line option `-l` was set; read-only.
+Whether [command-line option `-l`] was set; read-only.
 
 ### `$-p`
 
-Whether command-line option `-p` was given; read-only.
+Whether [command-line option `-p`] was given; read-only.
 
 ### `$F`
 
-If the command line option `-a` is given, the array obtained by
-splitting `$_` by `$-F` is assigned at the start of each `-l`/`-p`
-loop.
+If the [command-line option `-a`] is given, the array
+obtained by splitting `$_` by `$-F` is assigned at the start of each
+`-l`/`-p` loop.
 
 ## Deprecated
 
@@ -594,3 +596,14 @@ Output:
 "Bar\n"
 "Baz\n"
 ```
+
+
+[command-line option `-0`]: rdoc-ref:language/options.md@0-3A+Set+-24-2F+-28Input+Record+Separator-29
+[command-line option `-F`]: rdoc-ref:language/options.md@F-3A+Set+Input+Field+Separator
+[command-line option `-a`]: rdoc-ref:language/options.md@a-3A+Split+Input+Lines+into+Fields
+[command-line option `-d`]: rdoc-ref:language/options.md@d-3A+Set+-24DEBUG+to+true
+[command-line option `-i`]: rdoc-ref:language/options.md@i-3A+Set+ARGF+In-Place+Mode
+[command-line option `-l`]: rdoc-ref:language/options.md@l-3A+Set+Output+Record+Separator-3B+Chop+Lines
+[command-line option `-p`]: rdoc-ref:language/options.md@p-3A+-n-2C+with+Printing
+[command-line option `-v`]: rdoc-ref:language/options.md@v-3A+Print+Version-3B+Set+-24VERBOSE
+[command-line option `-w`]: rdoc-ref:language/options.md@w-3A+Synonym+for+-W1

doc/string/aref.rdoc

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ returns the 1-character substring found in self at character offset index:
   'hello'[0]    # => "h"
   'hello'[4]    # => "o"
   'hello'[5]    # => nil
-  'тест'[2]     # => "с"
+  'Привет'[2]   # => "и"
   'こんにちは'[4] # => "は"
 
 With negative integer argument +index+ given,
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ returns the matching substring of +self+, if found:
   'hello'['ell']      # => "ell"
   'hello'['']         # => ""
   'hello'['nosuch']   # => nil
-  'тест'['ес']        # => "ес"
+  'Привет'['ив']      # => "ив"
   'こんにちは'['んにち'] # => "んにち"
 
 Related: see {Converting to New String}[rdoc-ref:String@Converting+to+New+String].

doc/string/capitalize.rdoc

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+Returns a string containing the characters in +self+,
+each with possibly changed case:
+
+- The first character made uppercase.
+- All other characters are made lowercase.
+
+Examples:
+
+  'hello'.capitalize  # => "Hello"
+  'HELLO'.capitalize  # => "Hello"
+  'straße'.capitalize # => "Straße"  # Lowercase 'ß' not changed.
+  'STRAẞE'.capitalize # => "Straße"  # Uppercase 'ẞ' downcased to 'ß'.
+  'привет'.capitalize # => "Привет"
+  'ПРИВЕТ'.capitalize # => "Привет"
+
+Some characters (and some character sets) do not have upcase and downcase versions;
+see {Case Mapping}[rdoc-ref:case_mapping.rdoc]:
+
+  s = '1, 2, 3, ...'
+  s.capitalize == s # => true
+  s = 'こんにちは'
+  s.capitalize == s # => true
+
+The casing is affected by the given +mapping+,
+which may be +:ascii+, +:fold+, or +:turkic+;
+see {Case Mappings}[rdoc-ref:case_mapping.rdoc@Case+Mappings].
+
+Related: see {Converting to New String}[rdoc-ref:String@Converting+to+New+String].

doc/string/downcase.rdoc

@@ -1,12 +1,20 @@
 Returns a new string containing the downcased characters in +self+:
 
-   'Hello, World!'.downcase      # => "hello, world!"
-   'ТЕСТ'.downcase               # => "тест"
-   'よろしくお願いします'.downcase # => "よろしくお願いします"
+  'HELLO'.downcase        # => "hello"
+  'STRAẞE'.downcase       # => "straße"
+  'ПРИВЕТ'.downcase       # => "привет"
+  'RubyGems.org'.downcase # => "rubygems.org"
 
-Some characters do not have upcased and downcased versions.
+Some characters (and some character sets) do not have upcase and downcase versions;
+see {Case Mapping}[rdoc-ref:case_mapping.rdoc]:
 
-The casing may be affected by the given +mapping+;
-see {Case Mapping}[rdoc-ref:case_mapping.rdoc].
+  s = '1, 2, 3, ...'
+  s.downcase == s # => true
+  s = 'こんにちは'
+  s.downcase == s # => true
+
+The casing is affected by the given +mapping+,
+which may be +:ascii+, +:fold+, or +:turkic+;
+see {Case Mappings}[rdoc-ref:case_mapping.rdoc@Case+Mappings].
 
 Related: see {Converting to New String}[rdoc-ref:String@Converting+to+New+String].

doc/string/swapcase.rdoc

@@ -5,15 +5,28 @@ Returns a string containing the characters in +self+, with cases reversed:
 
 Examples:
 
-  'Hello World!'.swapcase # => "hELLO wORLD!"
-  'тест'.swapcase         # => "ТЕСТ"
+  'Hello'.swapcase        # => "hELLO"
+  'Straße'.swapcase       # => "sTRASSE"
+  'Привет'.swapcase       # => "пРИВЕТ"
+  'RubyGems.org'.swapcase # => "rUBYgEMS.ORG"
 
-Some characters (and even character sets) do not have casing:
+The sizes of +self+ and the upcased result may differ:
 
-  '12345'.swapcase    # => "12345"
-  'こんにちは'.swapcase # => "こんにちは"
+  s = 'Straße'
+  s.size          # => 6
+  s.swapcase      # => "sTRASSE"
+  s.swapcase.size # => 7
 
-The casing may be affected by the given +mapping+;
-see {Case Mapping}[rdoc-ref:case_mapping.rdoc].
+Some characters (and some character sets) do not have upcase and downcase versions;
+see {Case Mapping}[rdoc-ref:case_mapping.rdoc]:
+
+  s = '1, 2, 3, ...'
+  s.swapcase == s # => true
+  s = 'こんにちは'
+  s.swapcase == s # => true
+
+The casing is affected by the given +mapping+,
+which may be +:ascii+, +:fold+, or +:turkic+;
+see {Case Mappings}[rdoc-ref:case_mapping.rdoc@Case+Mappings].
 
 Related: see {Converting to New String}[rdoc-ref:String@Converting+to+New+String].

doc/string/upcase.rdoc

@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 Returns a new string containing the upcased characters in +self+:
 
-   'Hello, World!'.upcase     # => "HELLO, WORLD!"
+  'hello'.upcase        # => "HELLO"
+  'straße'.upcase       # => "STRASSE"
+  'привет'.upcase       # => "ПРИВЕТ"
+  'RubyGems.org'.upcase # => "RUBYGEMS.ORG"
 
 The sizes of +self+ and the upcased result may differ:
 
@@ -9,12 +12,16 @@ The sizes of +self+ and the upcased result may differ:
    s.upcase      # => "STRASSE"
    s.upcase.size # => 7
 
-Some characters (and some character sets) do not have upcased and downcased versions:
+Some characters (and some character sets) do not have upcase and downcase versions;
+see {Case Mapping}[rdoc-ref:case_mapping.rdoc]:
 
-   s = 'よろしくお願いします'
+   s = '1, 2, 3, ...'
+   s.upcase == s # => true
+   s = 'こんにちは'
    s.upcase == s # => true
 
-The casing may be affected by the given +mapping+;
-see {Case Mapping}[rdoc-ref:case_mapping.rdoc].
+The casing is affected by the given +mapping+,
+which may be +:ascii+, +:fold+, or +:turkic+;
+see {Case Mappings}[rdoc-ref:case_mapping.rdoc@Case+Mappings].
 
 Related: see {Converting to New String}[rdoc-ref:String@Converting+to+New+String].