refactor(memo): promote memo out of rx._x.memo into rx.memo

docs/app/reflex_docs/templates/docpage/docpage.py

@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ def feedback_button_toc() -> rx.Component:
 
 
 @rx.memo
-def copy_to_markdown(text: str) -> rx.Component:
+def copy_to_markdown(text: rx.Var[str]) -> rx.Component:
     copied = ClientStateVar.create("is_copied", default=False, global_ref=False)
     return marketing_button(
         rx.cond(
@@ -297,7 +297,7 @@ def link_pill(text: str, href: str) -> rx.Component:
 
 
 @rx.memo
-def docpage_footer(path: str):
+def docpage_footer(path: rx.Var[str]) -> rx.Component:
     from reflex_site_shared.constants import FORUM_URL, ROADMAP_URL
 
     return rx.el.footer(

docs/enterprise/drag-and-drop.md

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ class BasicDndState(rx.State):
 
 
 @rx.memo
-def draggable_card():
+def draggable_card() -> rxe.dnd.Draggable:
     return rxe.dnd.draggable(
         rx.card(
             rx.text("Drag me!", weight="bold"),
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ class MultiPositionState(rx.State):
 
 
 @rx.memo
-def movable_card():
+def movable_card() -> rxe.dnd.Draggable:
     return rxe.dnd.draggable(
         rx.card(
             rx.text("Movable Card", weight="bold"),
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ class StateTrackingState(rx.State):
 
 
 @rx.memo
-def tracked_draggable():
+def tracked_draggable() -> rxe.dnd.Draggable:
     drag_params = rxe.dnd.Draggable.collected_params
     return rxe.dnd.draggable(
         rx.card(
@@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ class DynamicListState(rx.State):
 
 
 @rx.memo
-def draggable_list_item(item: ListItem):
+def draggable_list_item(item: rx.Var[ListItem]) -> rx.Component:
     return rxe.dnd.draggable(
         rx.card(
             rx.text(item.text, weight="bold"),

docs/enterprise/react_flow/edges.md

@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ def button_edge(
     sourcePosition: rx.Var[Position],
     targetPosition: rx.Var[Position],
     markerEnd: rx.Var[str],
-):
+) -> rx.Fragment:
     bezier_path = rxe.components.flow.util.get_bezier_path(
         source_x=sourceX,
         source_y=sourceY,

docs/enterprise/react_flow/examples.md

@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ class ConnectionLimitState(rx.State):
 @rx.memo
 def custom_handle(
     type: rx.Var[HandleType], position: rx.Var[Position], connection_count: rx.Var[int]
-):
+) -> rxe.components.flow.Handle:
     connections = rxe.flow.api.get_node_connections()
     return rxe.flow.handle(
         type=type,
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ def custom_handle(
 
 
 @rx.memo
-def custom_node():
+def custom_node() -> rx.el.Div:
     return rx.el.div(
         custom_handle(type="target", position="left", connection_count=1),
         rx.el.div("← Only one edge allowed"),

docs/enterprise/react_flow/nodes.md

@@ -201,7 +201,9 @@ class CustomNodeState(rx.State):
 
 
 @rx.memo
-def color_selector_node(data: rx.Var[dict], isConnectable: rx.Var[bool]):
+def color_selector_node(
+    data: rx.Var[dict], isConnectable: rx.Var[bool]
+) -> rx.Component:
     data = data.to(dict)
     return rx.el.div(
         rxe.flow.handle(

docs/library/data-display/icon.md

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ icon_search_cs = ClientStateVar.create("icon_search", default="")
 
 
 @rx.memo
-def lucide_icons():
+def lucide_icons() -> rx.Component:
     return rx.box(
         rx.box(
             rx.box(

docs/library/other/memo.md

@@ -4,21 +4,22 @@ import reflex as rx
 
 # Memo
 
-The `memo` decorator is used to optimize component rendering by memoizing components that don't need to be re-rendered. This is particularly useful for expensive components that depend on specific props and don't need to be re-rendered when other state changes in your application.
+The `@rx.memo` decorator turns a function into a memoized React component. The compiler emits the function as its own module, and React's `memo` only re-renders it when its declared props change. Reach for it when a subtree is expensive to render and depends on a narrow slice of state.
 
 ## Requirements
 
-When using `rx.memo`, you must follow these requirements:
+Every parameter must be annotated with `rx.Var[...]` or `rx.RestProp`. The compiler reads those annotations to generate prop names, prop forwarding, and the JS function signature.
 
-1. **Type all arguments**: All arguments to a memoized component must have type annotations.
-2. **Use keyword arguments**: When calling a memoized component, you must use keyword arguments (not positional arguments).
+1. **`rx.Var[T]` for props** — annotate each prop as `rx.Var[T]` where `T` is the prop's runtime type (`str`, `int`, a TypedDict, etc.). Inside the function body, the parameter is a `Var` you compose into the rendered tree.
+2. **`rx.RestProp` for spread props** — at most one parameter may be annotated as `rx.RestProp`, which forwards unrecognized kwargs through to the rendered root.
+3. **`rx.Var[rx.Component]` for slot children** — a parameter named `children` annotated as `rx.Var[rx.Component]` accepts children rendered by the caller.
+4. **Keyword arguments at the call site** — pass props by name, not by position.
 
-## Basic Usage
+Defaults need to be `rx.Var` values. For the common empty cases use the module-level constants `rx.EMPTY_VAR_STR` (an empty string) and `rx.EMPTY_VAR_INT` (zero): `class_name: rx.Var[str] = rx.EMPTY_VAR_STR` falls back to `""` when the caller omits the prop.
 
-When you wrap a component function with `@rx.memo`, the component will only re-render when its props change. This helps improve performance by preventing unnecessary re-renders.
+## Basic Usage
 
 ```python
-# Define a state class to track count
 class DemoState(rx.State):
     count: int = 0
 
@@ -27,150 +28,148 @@ class DemoState(rx.State):
         self.count += 1
 
 
-# Define a memoized component
 @rx.memo
-def expensive_component(label: str) -> rx.Component:
+def expensive_component(label: rx.Var[str]) -> rx.Component:
     return rx.vstack(
         rx.heading(label),
-        rx.text("This component only re-renders when props change!"),
+        rx.text("This component only re-renders when props change."),
         rx.divider(),
     )
 
 
-# Use the memoized component in your app
 def index():
     return rx.vstack(
-        rx.heading("Memo Example"),
-        rx.text("Count: 0"),  # This will update with state.count
+        rx.text(f"Count: {DemoState.count}"),
         rx.button("Increment", on_click=DemoState.increment),
-        rx.divider(),
-        expensive_component(label="Memoized Component"),  # Must use keyword arguments
-        spacing="4",
-        padding="4",
-        border_radius="md",
-        border="1px solid #eaeaea",
+        expensive_component(label="Memoized Component"),
     )
 ```
 
-In this example, the `expensive_component` will only re-render when the `label` prop changes, not when the `count` state changes.
+`expensive_component` re-renders only when `label` changes — bumping `DemoState.count` does not invalidate it.
 
-## With Event Handlers
+## With State Variables
 
-You can also use `rx.memo` with components that have event handlers:
+Props can be ordinary Vars. The memoized component re-renders when those Vars change:
 
 ```python
-# Define a state class to track clicks
-class ButtonState(rx.State):
-    clicks: int = 0
-
-    @rx.event
-    def increment(self):
-        self.clicks += 1
+class AppState(rx.State):
+    name: str = "World"
 
 
-# Define a memoized button component
 @rx.memo
-def my_button(text: str, on_click: rx.EventHandler) -> rx.Component:
-    return rx.button(text, on_click=on_click)
+def greeting(name: rx.Var[str]) -> rx.Component:
+    return rx.heading("Hello, " + name)
 
 
-# Use the memoized button in your app
 def index():
     return rx.vstack(
-        rx.text("Clicks: 0"),  # This will update with state.clicks
-        my_button(text="Click me", on_click=ButtonState.increment),
-        spacing="4",
+        greeting(name=AppState.name),
+        rx.input(value=AppState.name, on_change=AppState.set_name),
     )
 ```
 
-## With State Variables
+## Forwarding Props with `rx.RestProp`
 
-When used with state variables, memoized components will only re-render when the specific state variables they depend on change:
+Use `rx.RestProp` to accept and forward arbitrary props (think `...rest` in JSX). Useful for thin wrappers that re-style a primitive without redeclaring every prop.
 
 ```python
-# Define a state class with multiple variables
-class AppState(rx.State):
-    name: str = "World"
-    count: int = 0
+@rx.memo
+def primary_button(
+    rest: rx.RestProp,
+    *,
+    label: rx.Var[str],
+) -> rx.Component:
+    return rx.button(label, class_name="bg-primary-9 text-white", **rest)
 
-    @rx.event
-    def increment(self):
-        self.count += 1
 
-    @rx.event
-    def set_name(self, name: str):
-        self.name = name
+def index():
+    return primary_button(
+        label="Save",
+        on_click=rx.console_log("clicked"),
+        id="save",
+    )
+```
 
+At most one `rx.RestProp` parameter is allowed per memo.
 
-# Define a memoized greeting component
+## Accepting Children
+
+Declare a parameter named `children` typed as `rx.Var[rx.Component]` to receive a child subtree.
+
+```python
 @rx.memo
-def greeting(name: str) -> rx.Component:
-    return rx.heading("Hello, " + name)  # Will display the name prop
+def card(
+    children: rx.Var[rx.Component],
+    *,
+    title: rx.Var[str],
+) -> rx.Component:
+    return rx.box(
+        rx.heading(title),
+        children,
+        class_name="border border-slate-5 rounded-lg p-4",
+    )
 
 
-# Use the memoized component with state variables
 def index():
-    return rx.vstack(
-        greeting(name=AppState.name),  # Must use keyword arguments
-        rx.text("Count: 0"),  # Will display the count
-        rx.button("Increment Count", on_click=AppState.increment),
-        rx.input(
-            placeholder="Enter your name",
-            on_change=AppState.set_name,
-            value="World",  # Will be bound to AppState.name
-        ),
-        spacing="4",
+    return card(
+        rx.text("Body copy goes here."),
+        title="Memoized card",
     )
 ```
 
-## Advanced Event Handler Example
+## Returning a `Var` Instead of a Component
 
-You can also pass arguments to event handlers in memoized components:
+A memo function can return `rx.Var[T]` instead of `rx.Component`. The compiler emits a plain JavaScript function and the call site is just a `Var` you can compose into the page.
 
 ```python
-# Define a state class to track messages
-class MessageState(rx.State):
-    message: str = ""
-
-    @rx.event
-    def set_message(self, text: str):
-        self.message = text
+class PriceState(rx.State):
+    amount: int = 100
+    currency: str = "USD"
 
 
-# Define a memoized component with event handlers that pass arguments
 @rx.memo
-def action_buttons(
-    on_action: rx.EventHandler[rx.event.passthrough_event_spec(str)],
-) -> rx.Component:
-    return rx.hstack(
-        rx.button("Save", on_click=on_action("Saved!")),
-        rx.button("Delete", on_click=on_action("Deleted!")),
-        rx.button("Cancel", on_click=on_action("Cancelled!")),
-        spacing="2",
-    )
+def format_price(amount: rx.Var[int], currency: rx.Var[str]) -> rx.Var[str]:
+    return currency.to(str) + ": $" + amount.to(str)
 
 
-# Use the memoized component with event handlers
 def index():
+    formatted = format_price(amount=PriceState.amount, currency=PriceState.currency)
     return rx.vstack(
-        rx.text("Status: "),  # Will display the message
-        action_buttons(on_action=MessageState.set_message),
-        spacing="4",
+        rx.text(formatted),
     )
 ```
 
+The body of a `Var`-returning memo runs at compile time and is restricted to Var operations — no hooks, no Python branching on the Vars.
+
 ## Performance Considerations
 
-Use `rx.memo` for:
+Reach for `rx.memo` when:
 
-- Components with expensive rendering logic
-- Components that render the same result given the same props
-- Components that re-render too often due to parent component updates
+- The component is expensive to render.
+- Its output is a stable function of a small set of props.
+- A frequently-updating ancestor would otherwise force it to re-render.
 
-Avoid using `rx.memo` for:
+Skip it when:
+
+- The component is cheap and the bookkeeping is not worth it.
+- The props change on every render anyway — memo never gets to short-circuit.
+
+## Migrating from the Old `rx.memo`
+
+The previous `rx.memo` accepted plain-typed arguments (`def card(title: str)`). The new one requires `rx.Var[...]`. To migrate:
+
+```python
+# Before
+@rx.memo
+def card(title: str) -> rx.Component: ...
+
+
+# After
+@rx.memo
+def card(title: rx.Var[str]) -> rx.Component: ...
+```
 
-- Simple components where the memoization overhead might exceed the performance gain
-- Components that almost always receive different props on re-render
+The old `rx._x.memo` alias still resolves to the new memo and prints a one-time `was promoted to rx.memo` notice.
 
 ## API Reference
 
@@ -180,8 +179,8 @@ Avoid using `rx.memo` for:
 rx.memo(component_fn)
 ```
 
-Decorates a function that returns a Reflex component so it can be reused as a memoized component. The function arguments must be type annotated, and memoized components should be called with keyword arguments.
+Wraps a function whose parameters are all `rx.Var[...]` or `rx.RestProp`. Returns a callable that constructs the memoized component (or a `Var` if the function's return annotation is `rx.Var[T]`).
 
 | Argument | Type | Description |
 | --- | --- | --- |
-| `component_fn` | `Callable[..., rx.Component]` | Function that returns the component to memoize. |
+| `component_fn` | `Callable[..., rx.Component \| rx.Var]` | The function to memoize. All parameters must be `rx.Var[...]` or `rx.RestProp`. |

packages/reflex-base/src/reflex_base/compiler/templates.py

@@ -785,22 +785,6 @@ def memo_single_function_template(
 """
 
 
-def memo_index_template(reexports: Iterable[tuple[str, str]]) -> str:
-    """Template for the memo index module that re-exports every memo file.
-
-    Args:
-        reexports: Iterable of ``(export_name, relative_module_specifier)``.
-
-    Returns:
-        The rendered index module code.
-    """
-    lines = [
-        f'export {{ {export_name} }} from "{specifier}";'
-        for export_name, specifier in reexports
-    ]
-    return "\n".join(lines) + "\n"
-
-
 def styles_template(stylesheets: list[str]) -> str:
     """Template for styles.css.