[CONFIGURATION] File configuration - implement cardinality_limits

[marcalff]

Fixes # (issue)

Changes

Please provide a brief description of the changes here.

• Implement cardinality_limits
• See related: Cardinality limits opentelemetry-configuration#185

For significant contributions please make sure you have completed the following items:

• CHANGELOG.md updated for non-trivial changes
• Unit tests have been added
• Changes in public API reviewed

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 89.94%. Comparing base (bde708e) to head (9a4b37a).

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #3820      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   89.96%   89.94%   -0.01%     
==========================================
  Files         225      225              
  Lines        7167     7167              
==========================================
- Hits         6447     6446       -1     
- Misses        720      721       +1     

see 1 file with indirect coverage changes

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