Add duplicate claim name detection per RFC 7519 Section 4#713

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ydah wants to merge 10 commits intojwt:mainfrom

ydah:duplicate_claim_detection

Commits on Feb 4, 2026

Add duplicate claim name detection per RFC 7519 Section 4
ydah
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Remove duplicate key detection from JWT.decode API in favor of EncodedToken API
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Update Ruby version requirements and modify CI configurations
ydah
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Lower minimum Ruby version to 2.5 and make JSON duplicate key detection a runtime feature check instead of a hard dependency on json >= 2.13.0
ydah
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Remove verbose YARD documentation comments from JWT::JSON class
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Simplify JSON parse logic by consolidating duplicate branching into a single call with conditional options
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Add UnsupportedError for unsupported features and update raise_on_duplicate_keys! method
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Extract EncodedToken internals into ClaimsContext, SegmentParser, and SignatureVerifier classes to reduce class complexity
ydah
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Revert drop 2.5, 2.6 support
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Add conditional guards for duplicate key detection specs based on JSON gem version support
ydah
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