refactor: update code for ESM compatibility

[dynst]

With ESM, all exported values need to have a name,

• Closes replace proxyquire in tests #3025

[welcome]

Thank you for submitting this PR!
A maintainer will be here shortly to review it.
We are super grateful, but we are also overloaded! Help us by making sure that:

• The context for this PR is clear, with relevant discussion, decisions
  and stakeholders linked/mentioned.

• Your contribution itself is clear (code comments, self-review for the
  rest) and in its best form. Follow the code contribution
  guidelines
  if they apply.

Getting other community members to do a review would be great help too on complex PRs (you can ask in the chats/forums). If you are unsure about something, just leave us a comment.
Next steps:

• A maintainer will triage and assign priority to this PR, commenting on
  any missing things and potentially assigning a reviewer for high
  priority items.

• The PR gets reviews, discussed and approvals as needed.

• The PR is merged by maintainers when it has been approved and comments addressed.

We currently aim to provide initial feedback/triaging on best-effort basis, which may take multiple business. Please keep an eye on any labelling actions, as these will indicate priorities and status of your contribution.
We are very grateful for your contribution!

[lidel]

@dynst thank you for opening this. unfortunately something broke in this PR and tests no longer pass -- would you have bandwidth to investigate?

if this turns out a laborious effort, we may need to go with more surgical ESM support.

fwiw i had attempted "esm loader" draft in (wip) #3034 to avoid full ESM switch and changing too much, but it does not seem to be working (dynamic imports dont work in main electron thread)