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Merged
Bissbert merged 1 commit into from
May 13, 2026
Merged

feat(seo): ship WA3 keyword-cluster hubs #39

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18 changes: 14 additions & 4 deletions src/pages/learn/[...slug].astro
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -14,11 +14,21 @@ import type { WidgetQuestion } from '../../components/quiz/study/LearnQuizWidget
import { buildCitationIndex } from '../../lib/citations/index';

export async function getStaticPaths() {
// Slugs handled by static hub pages under src/pages/learn/. Excluding them here
// prevents a duplicate-route build error; the article content still lives in
// the collection and is referenced by the corresponding hub (e.g. Hub 5).
// Declared inside getStaticPaths because Astro hoists this function into its
// own module scope and outer consts are not accessible.
const STATIC_HUB_SLUGS = new Set<string>([
'identification/treatments',
]);
const entries = await getCollection('learn');
return entries.map(entry => ({
params: { slug: entry.id },
props: { entry, allEntries: entries },
}));
return entries
.filter((entry) => !STATIC_HUB_SLUGS.has(entry.id))
.map((entry) => ({
params: { slug: entry.id },
props: { entry, allEntries: entries },
}));
}

interface Props {
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277 changes: 277 additions & 0 deletions src/pages/learn/equipment/index.astro
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@@ -0,0 +1,277 @@
---
import { getCollection } from 'astro:content';
import BaseLayout from '../../../layouts/BaseLayout.astro';
import { Card, CardTitle, CardDescription } from '../../../components/ui/Card';
import { IconBox } from '../../../components/ui/IconBox';
import { Container } from '../../../components/ui/Container';
import { DifficultyBadge } from '../../../components/ui/DifficultyBadge';
import { Breadcrumb } from '../../../components/docs';

const learnEntries = await getCollection('learn');

interface EquipmentTopic {
id: string;
title: string;
description: string;
href: string;
difficulty?: 'beginner' | 'intermediate' | 'advanced';
}

const equipmentTopics: EquipmentTopic[] = learnEntries
.filter((e) => e.data.category === 'equipment')
.map((e) => ({
id: e.id,
title: e.data.title,
description: e.data.description,
href: `/learn/${e.id}`,
difficulty: e.data.difficulty as EquipmentTopic['difficulty'],
}))
.sort((a, b) => {
if (a.id === 'equipment/overview') return -1;
if (b.id === 'equipment/overview') return 1;
if (a.id === 'equipment/refractometer') return -1;
if (b.id === 'equipment/refractometer') return 1;
return a.title.localeCompare(b.title);
});

const learningResourceSchema = {
'@context': 'https://schema.org',
'@type': 'LearningResource',
name: 'How to Use a Refractometer and Other Gemstone Testing Equipment',
alternateName: [
'Gemmological Equipment Guide',
'Refractometer Tutorial',
'FGA Equipment Module',
],
description:
'Comprehensive guide to gemmological testing equipment: refractometer, polariscope, dichroscope, spectroscope, microscope, UV lamp, and advanced laboratory instruments.',
url: 'https://gemmology.dev/learn/equipment/',
learningResourceType: 'Guide',
educationalLevel: 'beginner',
inLanguage: 'en',
isAccessibleForFree: true,
audience: {
'@type': 'EducationalAudience',
educationalRole: 'student',
},
about: [
'Refractometer operation',
'Polariscope use',
'Dichroscope use',
'Spectroscope operation',
'Gemmological microscope technique',
'UV fluorescence inspection',
'Specific gravity measurement',
],
teaches: equipmentTopics.map((t) => t.title),
hasPart: equipmentTopics.map((t) => ({
'@type': 'LearningResource',
name: t.title,
url: `https://gemmology.dev${t.href}/`,
learningResourceType: 'Article',
})),
};

const breadcrumbSchema = {
'@context': 'https://schema.org',
'@type': 'BreadcrumbList',
itemListElement: [
{ '@type': 'ListItem', position: 1, name: 'Home', item: 'https://gemmology.dev' },
{ '@type': 'ListItem', position: 2, name: 'Learn', item: 'https://gemmology.dev/learn/' },
{
'@type': 'ListItem',
position: 3,
name: 'Equipment',
item: 'https://gemmology.dev/learn/equipment/',
},
],
};

const breadcrumbItems = [
{ label: 'Learn', href: '/learn' },
{ label: 'Equipment' },
];

const refractometerRows = [
{
step: 1,
instruction: 'Clean the prism with the supplied solvent and a soft tissue. Any residue affects the half-shadow boundary.',
},
{
step: 2,
instruction: 'Apply one small drop of contact fluid (refractive index 1.79–1.81; di-iodomethane saturated with sulphur) directly to the prism.',
},
{
step: 3,
instruction: 'Place the stone polished-table-side-down so it rests fully in the fluid. The table must lie flat — wedge thin stones with a small fluid pool.',
},
{
step: 4,
instruction: 'View through the eyepiece under sodium (589 nm) or filtered white light. Adjust the eyepiece focus until the scale and shadow boundary are crisp.',
},
{
step: 5,
instruction: 'Rotate the stone through 180° in 45° increments. Singly refractive stones show one stationary shadow; doubly refractive stones show two boundaries that move (the birefringence).',
},
{
step: 6,
instruction: 'Record the highest and lowest readings to ±0.002. The difference is the birefringence; the midpoint is the spot reading.',
},
{
step: 7,
instruction: 'Cabochons and rough surfaces use the spot method: a tiny droplet on the prism contacts only the dome. Read the point at which the bright field switches to dark.',
},
];

const iconPaths: Record<string, string> = {
microscope:
'M9 3h6m-6 0v6m6-6v6m-3 0v3m0 0a6 6 0 100 12 6 6 0 000-12zm0 0V9m-3 12h6',
beaker:
'M19.428 15.428a2 2 0 00-1.022-.547l-2.387-.477a6 6 0 00-3.86.517l-.318.158a6 6 0 01-3.86.517L6.05 15.21a2 2 0 00-1.806.547M8 4h8l-1 1v5.172a2 2 0 00.586 1.414l5 5c1.26 1.26.367 3.414-1.415 3.414H4.828c-1.782 0-2.674-2.154-1.414-3.414l5-5A2 2 0 009 10.172V5L8 4z',
};
---

<BaseLayout
title="How to Use a Refractometer & Gemstone Testing Equipment — Free FGA Guide"
description="Free FGA equipment module: how to use a refractometer, polariscope, dichroscope, spectroscope, gemmological microscope, UV lamp, and SG balance. 13 in-depth articles with browser-based simulators."
>
<script type="application/ld+json" set:html={JSON.stringify(learningResourceSchema)} slot="head" />
<script type="application/ld+json" set:html={JSON.stringify(breadcrumbSchema)} slot="head" />

<div class="bg-gradient-to-b from-crystal-50 to-white min-h-screen">
<Container size="lg" padding="md">
<Breadcrumb items={breadcrumbItems} />

<header class="max-w-3xl pb-8 mt-4 border-b border-slate-200">
<h1 class="text-4xl font-bold text-slate-900">
How to use a refractometer (and the rest of the gemmological toolkit)
</h1>
<p class="mt-3 text-lg font-medium text-crystal-700">
Free FGA equipment module, step-by-step
</p>
<p class="mt-5 text-base text-slate-700 leading-relaxed">
The standard gemmological laboratory uses a small, well-defined set of optical
instruments — <strong>refractometer</strong>, polariscope, dichroscope, spectroscope,
microscope, UV lamp, and hydrostatic balance — and competence with each is a Gem-A
Foundation examination requirement. The refractometer is the workhorse: a single accurate
reading of refractive index plus a birefringence value places the unknown stone in a
shortlist of typically three or four species, which the polariscope (optic character) and
spectroscope (absorption pattern) then resolve. This hub collects the {equipmentTopics.length}
equipment articles aligned with the FGA Foundation syllabus — overview, refractometer,
polariscope, dichroscope, spectroscope, microscope, UV lamp, SG measurement, conoscope,
Chelsea filter, diamond screening, and advanced lab instruments — each paired with a
browser-based simulator so theory and applied technique stay tightly coupled. Start with
the refractometer workflow table below, then drill into the supporting articles for
calibration tips, error sources, and per-instrument worked examples.
</p>
</header>

<!-- Refractometer step protocol — table-rich result eligibility -->
<section class="mt-12">
<div class="flex items-center gap-3 mb-5">
<IconBox variant="sapphire" size="sm" className="shrink-0">
<svg class="w-4 h-4" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor">
<path
stroke-linecap="round"
stroke-linejoin="round"
stroke-width="2"
d={iconPaths.microscope}
/>
</svg>
</IconBox>
<h2 class="text-2xl font-bold text-slate-900">Refractometer workflow — seven steps</h2>
</div>
<div class="overflow-x-auto rounded-xl border border-slate-200 bg-white">
<table class="min-w-full text-sm">
<thead class="bg-slate-50 text-slate-700">
<tr>
<th class="px-4 py-3 text-left font-semibold w-12">Step</th>
<th class="px-4 py-3 text-left font-semibold">Action</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody class="divide-y divide-slate-100">
{refractometerRows.map((row) => (
<tr>
<td class="px-4 py-3 font-semibold text-crystal-700 align-top">{row.step}</td>
<td class="px-4 py-3 text-slate-700">{row.instruction}</td>
</tr>
))}
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p class="mt-3 text-sm text-slate-600">
The standard prism saturates at ~1.78; readings beyond that are over-the-limit (OTL). For
OTL stones (diamond, zircon, demantoid, sphene, some garnets, cubic zirconia) use the
<a href="/learn/equipment/refractometer/" class="text-crystal-700 underline underline-offset-2 decoration-crystal-300 hover:decoration-crystal-700">Hanneman / Hodgkinson short-cut</a>
or the
<a href="/tools/optical/" class="text-crystal-700 underline underline-offset-2 decoration-crystal-300 hover:decoration-crystal-700">refractometer simulator</a>.
</p>
</section>

<section class="mt-14">
<div class="flex items-center gap-3 mb-6">
<IconBox variant="sapphire" size="sm" className="shrink-0">
<svg class="w-4 h-4" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor">
<path
stroke-linecap="round"
stroke-linejoin="round"
stroke-width="2"
d={iconPaths.beaker}
/>
</svg>
</IconBox>
<h2 class="text-2xl font-bold text-slate-900">All equipment articles</h2>
</div>
<div class="grid sm:grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-3 gap-5">
{equipmentTopics.map((t) => (
<a href={t.href} class="group">
<Card hover padding="md" className="h-full">
<CardTitle className="text-base leading-tight group-hover:text-crystal-700 transition-colors">
{t.title}
</CardTitle>
<CardDescription className="mt-1.5">{t.description}</CardDescription>
{t.difficulty && <DifficultyBadge level={t.difficulty} className="mt-3" />}
</Card>
</a>
))}
</div>
</section>

<section class="mt-16">
<div class="rounded-2xl bg-slate-50 border border-slate-200 p-6 sm:p-8">
<h2 class="text-xl font-semibold text-slate-900">Try the browser-based simulators</h2>
<p class="mt-2 text-slate-700">
Every instrument in this module has an interactive companion widget — run real
measurements without owning the hardware:
</p>
<ul class="mt-4 grid sm:grid-cols-2 gap-x-6 gap-y-2 text-sm">
<li>
<a class="text-crystal-700 underline underline-offset-2 decoration-crystal-300 hover:decoration-crystal-700" href="/tools/optical/">Refractometer simulator</a>
<span class="text-slate-600"> — RI / birefringence / optic sign / OTL</span>
</li>
<li>
<a class="text-crystal-700 underline underline-offset-2 decoration-crystal-300 hover:decoration-crystal-700" href="/tools/measurement/">SG calculator</a>
<span class="text-slate-600"> — hydrostatic weighing with water-temp correction</span>
</li>
<li>
<a class="text-crystal-700 underline underline-offset-2 decoration-crystal-300 hover:decoration-crystal-700" href="/tools/lab/">Spectroscope band-matcher</a>
<span class="text-slate-600"> — match absorption pattern to 16 reference species</span>
</li>
<li>
<a class="text-crystal-700 underline underline-offset-2 decoration-crystal-300 hover:decoration-crystal-700" href="/tools/lab/">UV fluorescence lookup</a>
<span class="text-slate-600"> — LWUV / SWUV behaviour across the mineral database</span>
</li>
<li>
<a class="text-crystal-700 underline underline-offset-2 decoration-crystal-300 hover:decoration-crystal-700" href="/tools/optical/">Polariscope guide</a>
<span class="text-slate-600"> — singly refractive vs doubly refractive vs aggregate</span>
</li>
<li>
<a class="text-crystal-700 underline underline-offset-2 decoration-crystal-300 hover:decoration-crystal-700" href="/tools/optical/">Dichroscope</a>
<span class="text-slate-600"> — pleochroism colour pair lookup</span>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</section>
</Container>
</div>
</BaseLayout>
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