feat(async): stabilize abort signal support in retry

[tomas-zijdemans]

Resolves: #6972

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 94.07%. Comparing base (062aa94) to head (c5d4c6c).

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #6968      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   94.08%   94.07%   -0.01%     
==========================================
  Files         600      600              
  Lines       43553    43555       +2     
  Branches     6997     6999       +2     
==========================================
- Hits        40977    40976       -1     
- Misses       2521     2523       +2     
- Partials       55       56       +1     

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