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125 changes: 125 additions & 0 deletions README.md
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# Briefcase Windows Visual Studio Template

A [Cookiecutter](https://github.com/cookiecutter/cookiecutter/) template for
building Python apps from a Visual Studio project, that can then be packaged
with an MSI installer.

## Using this template

The easiest way to use this project is to not use it at all - at least, not
directly. [Briefcase](https://github.com/beeware/briefcase/) is a tool that
uses this template, rolling it out using data extracted from a `pyproject.toml`
configuration file.

However, if you *do* want use this template directly...

1. Install [cookiecutter](https://github.com/cookiecutter/cookiecutter). This
is a tool used to bootstrap complex project templates:

```console
$ pip install cookiecutter
```

2. Run `cookiecutter` on the template:

```console
$ cookiecutter https://github.com/beeware/briefcase-windows-visualstudio-template
```

This will ask you for a number of details of your application, including the
`name` of your application (which should be a valid PyPI identifier), and
the `Formal Name` of your application (the full name you use to describe
your app). The remainder of these instructions will assume a `name` of
`my-project`, and a formal name of `My Project`.

3. Build the project. You can do this by opening the solution file in Visual
Studio and building the Release configuration, or by using MSBuild:

```console
$ MSBuild.exe "My Project.sln" -target:restore -property:RestorePackagesConfig=true -target:"My Project" -property:Configuration=Release
```

In order to build the project, you will need to configure Visual Studio to
include the following modules:

* **.NET Desktop development** - default options
* **Deskop Development with C++** - default options, plus the "C++/CLI
Support for v143 build tools".

4. [Obtain a Python Windows Embeddable package](https://www.python.org/downloads/windows/),
and extract it into the `My Project/x64/Release` directory generated by the
template (`My Project/ARM64/Release` if you're on ARM64). This will give you
a `python3.dll` (amongst other artefacts) in the
`My Project/x64/Release` folder.

5. Add your code to the template, into the `My Project/x64/Release/app`
directory. At the very minimum, you need to have an
`app/<app name>/__main__.py` file that defines an entry point that will start
your application.

If your code has any dependencies, they should be installed under the
`My Project/x64/Release/app_packages` directory.

If you've done this correctly, a project with a formal name of `My Project`,
with an app name of `my-project` should have a directory structure that looks
something like:

```text
My Project/
x64/
Release/
app/
my_project/
__init__.py
__main__.py
app.py
app_packages/
...
python3.dll
...
My Project.exe
My Project.exe.metagen
My Project.pdb
My Project/
My Project.vcxproj
My Project.vcxproj.filters
...
My Project.sln
briefcase.toml
my-project.wxs
unicode.wxl
```

The executable in `x64/Release` will start your application.

This project can now be compiled with [WiX](https://wixtoolset.org) to produce
an MSI file. Open a command prompt, and change into the `My Project` directory.
Then:

```console
C:\...>wix build -ext WixToolset.UI.wixext -arch x64 my-project.wxs -loc unicode.wxl -o "My Project.msi"
```

Use `-arch arm64` if you're on ARM64.

The MSI file can then be used to install your application. When installed, your
application will have an entry in your Start menu.

## Next steps

Of course, running Python code isn't very interesting by itself - you won't be
able to do any console input or output, because a Windows app doesn't display a
console.

To do something interesting, you'll need to work with the native Windows system
libraries to draw widgets and respond to screen taps. The
[Python for .NET](http://pythonnet.github.io/) bridging library can be used to
interface with the Windows system libraries. Alternatively, you could use a
cross-platform widget toolkit that supports Windows (such as
[Toga](https://beeware.org/project/projects/libraries/toga)) to provide a GUI
for your application.

If you have any external library dependencies (like Toga, or anything other
third-party library), you should install the library code into the
`app_packages` directory. This directory is the same as a `site_packages`
directory on a desktop Python install.
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