fix: add timeout handling for unreachable registry URLs

[K09-0]

Description

This PR fixes the issue where CLI hangs indefinitely when --registry-url points to an unreachable host.

Changes

• Added 5-second timeout using AbortController
• Changed from GET to HEAD request for lightweight registry check
• Added meaningful error messages for timeout and network failures
• Added unit tests for the new functionality

Related Issue

Fixes #2027

Testing

• Unit tests added
• Manual testing with unreachable IP (10.255.255.1)
• Verified error message is user-friendly

Checklist

• Code follows project conventions
• Tests added/updated
• Commit messages follow conventional commits format
• Related issue linked

Bounty Program

This PR is part of the Bounty Program 2026-04 as defined in #2039.

[changeset-bot]

⚠️ No Changeset found

Latest commit: d92c9c7

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[sonarqubecloud]

Quality Gate passed

Issues
0 New issues
0 Accepted issues

Measures
0 Security Hotspots
0.0% Coverage on New Code
0.0% Duplication on New Code

See analysis details on SonarQube Cloud

[K09-0]

rtm