feat(challenge-sdk-wasm): add types, error module, and host function bindings

[echobt]

Summary

Extends the challenge-sdk-wasm guest SDK with additional types, an error module, and host function bindings.

Changes

• New error module (error.rs): ChallengeError enum with 7 variants (Evaluation, Validation, Network, Timeout, Serialization, Storage, Internal) + Display impl + From<Box<bincode::ErrorKind>>
• Extended EvaluationInput: Added submission_id, participant_id, epoch, metadata, and task_definitions fields
• New types: HttpRequest, HttpResponse, TaskResult, DetailedScore
• New host functions: log_message extern, platform_time extern block, host_log(), host_get_timestamp(), typed_http_get(), typed_http_post()
• Updated bridge.rs: Added missing fields to EvaluationInput struct initializers (production + test)
• Updated lib.rs: Added pub mod error, pub use error::ChallengeError, expanded re-exports

Replaces #28 (closed).

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✨ Finishing touches

🧪 Generate unit tests (beta)

• Create PR with unit tests
• Post copyable unit tests in a comment
• Commit unit tests in branch feat/extend-challenge-sdk-wasm-guest-types

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