Update node version to address critical CVEs

[nicholas-lockhart]

Old image trivy scan:
Total: 26 (UNKNOWN: 0, LOW: 3, MEDIUM: 17, HIGH: 4, CRITICAL: 2)

New image trivy scan:
Total: 2 (UNKNOWN: 0, LOW: 0, MEDIUM: 1, HIGH: 0, CRITICAL: 1)
Zlib is the current critical here and does not have a fix since it was recently discovered.

Tests continue to pass without issue

[Copilot]

Pull request overview

This PR updates the container base image used to build and run Azurite in order to reduce critical/high CVEs reported by image scanning.

Changes:

• Bump the Node Alpine base image from node:22-alpine3.21 to node:22-alpine3.23 for both build and runtime stages.
• Add an “Upcoming Release” changelog entry noting the security-motivated base image update.

Reviewed changes

Copilot reviewed 2 out of 2 changed files in this pull request and generated 3 comments.

File	Description
Dockerfile	Updates the builder and production FROM images to use Alpine 3.23 variants.
ChangeLog.md	Adds a release-note bullet for the security-driven image update.

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