test: ztest: Add math basic trigonometry unit tests converted from CMock

This patch converts 9 existing math trigonometry unit tests from
CMock/Unity to Zephyr's Ztest framework, maintaining the same test
coverage and functionality:

- test_sin_32b_fixed: 32-bit fixed-point sine function
- test_sin_16b_fixed: 16-bit fixed-point sine function
- test_cos_32b_fixed: 32-bit fixed-point cosine function
- test_cos_16b_fixed: 16-bit fixed-point cosine function
- test_asin_32b_fixed: 32-bit fixed-point arcsine function
- test_asin_16b_fixed: 16-bit fixed-point arcsine function
- test_acos_32b_fixed: 32-bit fixed-point arccosine function
- test_acos_16b_fixed: 16-bit fixed-point arccosine function
- test_sin_lut_16b_fixed: 16-bit sine lookup table function

Original tests converted from sof/test/cmocka/src/math/trig/ authored
by:
- Slawomir Blauciak <slawomir.blauciak@linux.intel.com>
- Shriram Shastry <malladi.sastry@linux.intel.com>
- Seppo Ingalsuo <seppo.ingalsuo@linux.intel.com>

The converted tests validate the same trigonometric functions from
src/math/trig.c and src/math/lut_trig.c as the original CMock tests,
ensuring no regression in test coverage during the migration to Ztest
framework. Reference tables and tolerance values are preserved to
maintain identical test accuracy and validation criteria.

This is part of the broader SOF unit test migration from CMock to Zephyr
Ztest framework, establishing the foundation for math/basic/trigonometry
tests in the new directory structure.

Signed-off-by: Tomasz Leman <tomasz.m.leman@intel.com>

Author: tmleman

test/ztest/unit/math/basic/trigonometry/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.20.0)
+
+find_package(Zephyr REQUIRED HINTS $ENV{ZEPHYR_BASE})
+project(test_math_trigonometry)
+
+set(SOF_ROOT "${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/../../../../../..")
+
+target_include_directories(app PRIVATE
+	${SOF_ROOT}/zephyr/include
+	${SOF_ROOT}/src/include
+)
+
+# Define SOF-specific configurations for unit testing
+target_compile_definitions(app PRIVATE
+	-DCONFIG_SOF_LOG_LEVEL=CONFIG_LOG_DEFAULT_LEVEL
+	-DCONFIG_ZEPHYR_POSIX=1
+	-DCONFIG_LIBRARY=1
+	-DUNIT_TEST=1
+)
+
+target_sources(app PRIVATE
+	trig_test.c
+	${SOF_ROOT}/src/math/trig.c
+	${SOF_ROOT}/src/math/lut_trig.c
+)
+
+# Link math library for standard math functions
+target_link_libraries(app PRIVATE m)

test/ztest/unit/math/basic/trigonometry/prj.conf

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+CONFIG_ZTEST=y

test/ztest/unit/math/basic/trigonometry/testcase.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
+#
+# Copyright(c) 2025 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
+#
+# Math basic trigonometry unit tests converted from CMock to Ztest
+#
+# These contents may have been developed with support from one or more Intel-operated
+# generative artificial intelligence solutions.
+#
+
+common:
+  tags:
+    - SOF
+    - unit_test
+    - math
+    - trigonometry
+  integration_platforms:
+    - native_sim
+  arch_exclude: xtensa  # Test is for host builds only
+
+tests:
+  sof.unit.math.trigonometry:
+    platform_allow:
+      - native_sim