Skip to content

6.disk_management.md

Latest commit

 

History

History
69 lines (50 loc) · 2.39 KB

6.disk_management.md

File metadata and controls

69 lines (50 loc) · 2.39 KB

Disk Management

1. Viewing Disk Space

Command Description
df -h Show disk usage of all mounted filesystems in human-readable format.
df -T Show filesystem types along with usage.
lsblk Display information about all block devices (disks and partitions).
blkid Show block device UUIDs and filesystem types.
du -sh <directory> Show total size of a directory.
du -ah <directory> Show size of all files and subdirectories.

2. Partition Management

Command Description
fdisk -l List partition tables of all disks (requires sudo).
sudo fdisk /dev/sdX Open interactive partition manager for disk /dev/sdX.
parted /dev/sdX Modern tool to create, resize, and manage partitions.
lsblk -f Show partitions with filesystem types and labels.

Tip:

  • Backup data before modifying partitions.

3. Filesystem Management

Command Description
mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdX1 Create an ext4 filesystem on partition /dev/sdX1.
mkfs.xfs /dev/sdX1 Create an XFS filesystem on partition /dev/sdX1.
mount /dev/sdX1 /mnt Mount a partition to a directory.
umount /mnt Unmount a mounted partition.
lsblk -f Verify mounted partitions and filesystem types.

4. LVM (Logical Volume Management)

LVM allows flexible disk management by abstracting physical disks into Volume Groups (VGs) and Logical Volumes (LVs).

Basic LVM Commands

Command Description
pvcreate /dev/sdX Initialize a physical disk for LVM.
vgcreate <vg_name> /dev/sdX Create a volume group with one or more physical volumes.
lvcreate -L 10G -n <lv_name> <vg_name> Create a logical volume of 10GB.
lvextend -L +5G /dev/<vg_name>/<lv_name> Extend an existing logical volume by 5GB.
lvreduce -L -5G /dev/<vg_name>/<lv_name> Reduce a logical volume (use with caution!).
lvdisplay Show logical volume details.
vgdisplay Show volume group details.
pvdisplay Show physical volume details.

Mounting Logical Volumes

mkfs.ext4 /dev/<vg_name>/<lv_name>    # Format LV
mount /dev/<vg_name>/<lv_name> /mnt  # Mount LV

5. /etc/fstab

The /etc/fstab file is used to configure automatic mounting of partitions, disks, and logical volumes at boot.