Modernize ros_node example a bit

[MichaelGrupp]

WIP ⚠️

• port to ROS Kilted (Ubuntu 24)
• use Turtlebot 4 simulation instead of TB3
  • TB4 sim has a working depth camera, TB3 doesn't seem to have the RGBD cam anymore in Kilted
  • more interesting environment
• some fixes (e.g. outdated rr.log API)
• doc improvements

TODO:

• use builtin URDF loader instead of custom (maybe separate PR)
• address numpy version conflict (cv_bridge requiring <2.0 (as shipped with Ubuntu 24), rerun-sdk requiring >=2.0)
• having this in the future would be nice for this example: Allow attaching color image to be used as colormap on depth projection #11579 (also out of scope, but worth to mention)

[github-actions]

Latest documentation preview deployed successfully.

Result	Commit	Link
✅	1475d5d	https://landing-csrtdqtdj-rerun.vercel.app/docs

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