python.md

python

---

前言

centos6.5默认是python2.6.6，支持一些内容，需要升级

获取源码

python官网下载地址是：https://www.python.org/downloads，参考实例：

yum install -y zlib zlib-devel openssl   openssl-devel
#来个倒叙，否则惨不忍睹，又要重新编译--pip

yum install -y readline readline-devel sqlite3
#安装ipython需要的插件


wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.12/Python-2.7.12.tgz
tar xvf Python-2.7.12.tar.xz
cd Python-2.7.12
./configure --prefix=/opt/python2.9.11
make 
make install

查看默认编码

When built with --enable-unicode=ucs4:

>>> import sys
>>> print sys.maxunicode
1114111


When built with --enable-unicode=ucs2:

>>> import sys
>>> print sys.maxunicode
65535

选择python默认编码

#两个编码并不兼容，因此site-packages无法直接复制使用
--enable-unicode[=ucs[24]]

配置修改

安装python2.7.9后，默认仍是指向python2.6，需要重新指向。由于yum依赖python2.6，需要保留原有的python2.6。

python -V
which python
	/usr/local/bin/python
#/usr/bin/python and /usr/bin/python2.6 是同一个文件
mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python2.6.6	
ln -s /usr/local/bin/python2.7 /usr/bin/python

#重新检验
python -V

修复原有连接

yum

which yum
vim /usr/bin/yum
配置文件头部	
#!/usr/bin/python2.6.6

iBus 输入法相关

vi /usr/bin/ibus-setup  
vi /usr/libexec/ibus-ui-gtk  

安装pip

wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py --no-check-certificate

修改pip源

vim ~/.pip/pip.conf
[global]
index-url = http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
[install]
trusted-host=mirrors.aliyun.com

troubleshoot:

RuntimeError: Compression requires the (missing) zlib module
yum install zlib zlib-devel
#然后重新编译python2.7，否则将出现python2.7仍找不到zlib

ImportError: No module named 'pip._vendor.requests'
yum install -y openssl   openssl-devel
#然后重新编译python2.7

源码安装：

wget https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/s/setuptools/setuptools-16.0.tar.gz --no-check-certificate
tar zxvf setuptools-16.0.tar.gz
python setup.py install

wget https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/p/pip/pip-6.1.1.tar.gz --no-check-certificate
tar zxvf pip-6.1.1.tar.gz
python setup.py install

安装ipython

为了调试方便，ipython是个不错的测试工具，若是提示warnning 警告，需要yum install，然后重新编译python2.7.9。

pip install ipython

SimpleHTTPServer

python -m Web服务器模块 [端口号，默认8000]

python -m SimpleHTTPServer 8080

BaseHTTPServer: 提供基本的Web服务和处理器类，分别是HTTPServer和BaseHTTPRequestHandler。
SimpleHTTPServer: 包含执行GET和HEAD请求的SimpleHTTPRequestHandler类。
CGIHTTPServer: 包含处理POST请求和执行CGIHTTPRequestHandler类。

salt

#安装pyzmq报错，提示安装
gcc: error trying to exec 'cc1plus': execvp
yum install gcc-c++

ImportError: No module named zmq
pip install pyzmq

使用virtualenv

yum -y install epel-release
yum -y python-pip

pip install virtualenv

virtualenv --python=/opt/python2.7/bin/python2.7 yourEnvName

source yourEnvName/bin/activate

pip freeze  >  requirements.txt
pip install  -r  requirements.txt