linuxnotes/worknotes/nagios.md at master · maycap/linuxnotes

nagios

前言

Nagios是一款用于系统和网络监控的应用程序。它可以在你设定的条件下对主机和服务进行监控，在状态变差和变好的时候给出告警信息。参考中文手册：http://nagios-cn.sourceforge.net/nagios-cn/bookfirst.html

安装

安装nagios-core，官网下载地址 http://pkgs.repoforge.org/rpmforge-release/ ，首先要更新下rpmforge，安装些基础编码依赖包

rpm -ivh http://pkgs.repoforge.org/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.5.3-1.el7.rf.x86_64.rpm
yum install gd fontconfig-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel gd-devel perl-GD \
openssl-devel php mailx postfix cpp gcc gcc-c++ libstdc++ glib2-devel  libtoul-ltdl-devel 

#add user and group
groupadd -g 6000 nagios 
groupadd -g 6001 nagcmd 
useradd -u 6000 -g nagios -G nagcmd -d /home/nagios -c "Nagios Admin" nagios

#https://www.nagios.org/download/core/thanks
wget http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/nagios/nagios-4.0.8.tar.gz
tar xzfv nagios-4.0.8.tar.gz 
cd nagios-4.0.8 
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios --with-nagios-user=nagios \ 
--with-nagios-group=nagios --with-command-user=nagios 
--with-command-group=nagcmd --enable-event-broker --enable-nanosleep  
--enable-embedded-perl --with-perlcache     
make all            
make install         
make install-init      
make install-commandmode   
make install-webconf    
make install-config

服务器选择，nagios需要php解析服务器，文件路劲在/usr/local/nagios/share下，采用apache httpd 加php解析比较简单

#http php
yum install httpd php* 

#配置httpd.conf,支持php
vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
DirectoryIndex index.html index.html.var 
将其修改为：

DirectoryIndex index.html index.php 
再在 Apache 配置文件下增加如下内容：

AddType application/x-httpd-php .php 


#设置用户访问控制
htpasswd -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users nagiosadmin 
chown nagios:nagcmd /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users 
usermod -a -G nagios,nagcmd apache 
service httpd restart  

#Postfix
chkconfig postfix on
service postfix start

采用插件方式可以自定义监控，很容易上手，由于服务端只是调用nrpe,因此make install-plugin可以调用调试即可。

#安装plugin
 wget http://nagios-plugins.org/download/nagios-plugins-2.0.3.tar.gz
./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios --with-command-user=nagios --with-command-group=nagcmd --prefix=/usr/local/nagios
make all
make install
chmod 755 /usr/local/nagios

#安装nrpe http://sourceforge.net/projects/nagios/files/nrpe-2.x/
wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/nagios/files/nrpe-2.x/nrpe-2.15/
./configure --with-command-group=nagios --prefix=/usr/local/nagios 
make all
make install-plugin

chkconfig httpd on
chkconfig nagios on
service httpd restart
service nagios restart

让nagios支持绘图，需要安装pnp，由于没使用，暂时作为参考。

#安装rrdtool，pnp依赖rrd  http://oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool/pub/?M=D
yum -y install libxml2-devel pango-devel perl-ExtUtils-CBuilder perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker
wget http://oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool/pub/rrdtool-1.5.3.tar.gz
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/rrdtool
make all
make install


#安装pnp http://sourceforge.net/projects/pnp4nagios/	
yum -y install  perl-Time-HiRes
wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/pnp4nagios/files/latest/download
./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios --with-rrdtool=/usr/local/rrdtool/bin/rrdtool --with-perfdata-dir=/usr/local/nagios/share/perfdata
make all
make install
make install-config
make install-init

客户端安装

被监控端安装nagios-plugins和nrpe

#添加使用账户
useradd -M -s /sbin/nulgin nagios
yum -y install openssl-devel

#安装nagios-plugins
./configure
make && make install

#安装nrpe http://sourceforge.net/projects/nagios/files/nrpe-2.x/
wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/nagios/files/nrpe-2.x/nrpe-2.15/
./configure --with-command-group=nagios --prefix=/usr/local/nagios 
make all
make install-plugin
make install-daemon
make install-daemon-config

设置服务器地址

vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg
找到 allowed_hosts=127.0.0.1，后面加nagios服务器的IP, 用“,”隔开，加了之后如下：
allowed_hosts=127.0.0.1,192.168.100.17
如果服务器使用nat,真实访问外部机器的是网关那台机器的IP地址，因此allowed_hosts应加上网关IP地址。

#启动nrpe
/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d
lsof -i:5666

#服务端测试手段
libexec/check_nrpe -H vm14  -c check_load
NRPE v2.15

添加监控项

监控项在客户端添加，常规检测报警参数，w--warning,c--critic,u--unkown,r--recovery。

vim  /etc/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg

command[check_swap]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_swap -w 20% -c 10% 
command[check_disk_/]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p /
command[check_disk_web]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p /web

解释上条命令，意思为：检测此磁盘，free<20%，就warning,free<10%,就critic。具体报警要参考对应检测服务选择的模板，以自带generic-service模板为例，截取部分模板内容：

check_period                    24x7                   
max_check_attempts              3                     
normal_check_interval           10                     
retry_check_interval            2                      
contact_groups                  admins               
notification_options            w,u,c,r               
notification_interval           60                    
notification_period             24x7

解释为：

服务端配置

使用独立配置

cd /usr/lcoal/nagios/etc
cp -r objects  monitor

修改nagios.cfg，使用cfg_dir添加配置目录，注释objects中重复项

cfg_dir=/usr/local/nagios/etc/monitor

邮件发送者设置

tail /etc/mail.rc 

set from=nagios@hf.nagios.com

利用nrpe收集数据

在command.cfg中添加使用nrpe的命令

define command{
    command_name    check_nrpe
    command_line    $USER1$/check_nrpe -H  $HOSTADDRESS$ -c $ARG1$
    }

#鉴于犯过参数写为$HOSTNAME$，主机无法解析主机名，一直bound报错，特此备注警告！

新建hosts.cfg，创建自己的监控节点

define host{
	check_command		check-host-alive
	notification_options	d,u,r
	max_check_attempts 	5
	name			generichosttemplate
	register		0
	contact_groups		users
	}

define host{
	host_name		vm15
	address			192.168.100.15
	use			linux-server
	}

define host{
	host_name		vm14
	address			192.168.100.14
	use			linux-server
	}

define host{
	host_name		vm16
	address			192.168.100.16
	use			linux-server
	}
define hostgroup{
	hostgroup_name		vm
	alias			this is vm host group
	members			vm14,vm15,vm16
	}

新建services.cfg，添加自定义监控服务列表

define service{
	use				generic-service
	hostgroup_name			vm
	service_description		swap
	check_command			check_nrpe!check_swap
	}


define service{
	use				generic-service
	hostgroup_name			vm
	service_description		load
	check_command			check_nrpe!check_load
	}

define service{
	use				generic-service
	hostgroup_name			vm
	service_description		users
	check_command			check_nrpe!check_users
	}


define service{
	use				generic-service
	hostgroup_name			vm
	service_description		disk_/
	check_command			check_nrpe!check_disk_/
	}


define service{
	use				generic-service
	hostgroup_name			vm
	service_description		disk_web
	check_command			check_nrpe!check_disk_web
	}


define servicegroup{
	servicegroup_name		linux_disk_services
	alias				linux server disk check
	members				vm15,disk_/,vm15,disk_web
	}

服务端测试获取

# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H vm15 -c check_disk_/
DISK OK - free space: / 27143 MB (93% inode=96%);| /=1782MB;24378;27425;0;30473

娱乐版

基于clush的批量安装nagios客户端，由于爆了很多warning，就不介绍了。

# ls /root/nagios/
nagios_client.sh  nagios-plugins-2.0.3.tar.gz  nrpe-2.15.tar.gz  nrpe.cfg  nrpe_restart

clush -b -w @hadoop -c /root/nagios  --dest=/web
clush -b -w @hadoop /web/nagios/nagios_client.sh

#服务端测试
/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H HSlave1 -c check_disk_/

nagios_client.sh

#!/bin/sh

echo "check nagios user nagios..."
grep nagios /etc/passwd  1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
if [ $? -ne 0 ];then
	echo "Now add user nagios"
	useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nagios
fi
	
echo "check gcc rpm..."
rpm -q gcc 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null

if [ $? -ne 0 ];then
	echo " Now yum -y install gcc..."
	yum -y install gcc
fi

echo "check openssl rpm..."
rpm -q openssl-devel 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null

if [ $? -ne 0 ];then
	echo "Now yum -y install openssl-devel.."
	yum -y install openssl-devel
fi

cd /web/nagios
tar zxf nagios-plugins-2.0.3.tar.gz
cd nagios-plugins-2.0.3
./configure 
make && make install


cd ..

tar zxf  nrpe-2.15.tar.gz
cd nrpe-2.15
./configure --with-command-group=nagios --prefix=/usr/local/nagios

make all
make install-plugin
make install-daemon
make install-daemon-config
 
cp /web/nagios/nrpe.cfg  /usr/local/nagios/etc

mkdir /root/bin
cp /web/nagios/nrpe_restart /root/bin
chmod +x /root/bin/nrpe_restart
sh /root/bin/nrpe_restart

nrpe_restart

#!/bin/sh

pid=`cat /var/run/nrpe.pid `
if [ -d /proc/$pid -a /var/run/nrpe.pid ];then
	echo "Now kill nrpe..."
	kill -9 $pid
fi

sleep 1

echo "Now start nrpe..."
/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d

###插件###

check_memory.pl

检测应用占用的内存，源码地址为：
http://www.thorko.de/git/public/plain/perl/master/v1.0/check_memory.pl

#./check_memory.pl -w 100000 -c 200000 -p httpd 
OK: httpd, memory: 92288 KB | memory: 92288 KB

check_mem.sh

检测系统内存使用情况，源码地址为：
https://exchange.nagios.org/components/com_mtree/attachment.php?link_id=4174&cf_id=24

#./check_mem -w 80 -c 90

监控windows

nscp是windows下nagios监控client的一个合集。其包含check plugins 、check_nt、check_nrpe 、nsca client 、wmi checks 。一般需要的监测项基本都包含在内了。下载地址 http://sourceforge.net/projects/nscplus/files/nscplus/

默认安装路径 C:\Program Files\NSClient++ ，配置文件nsclient.ini

[/modules]
CheckDisk = 1
CheckEventLog = 1
CheckExternalScripts = 1
CheckNSCP = 1
CheckHelpers = 1
CheckSystem = 1
NRPEServer = 1
NSCAClient = 1
NSClientServer = 1
; Undocumented section
[/settings/default]
; ALLOWED HOSTS - A comaseparated list of allowed hosts. You can use netmasks (/ syntax) or * to create ranges.
allowed hosts = 192.168.8.200
[/modules]

启动前设置，如果选择了其他插件，除了check_nt，则需要

services.msc --> NSClient++ 属性--> 登录 ---> 允许服务与桌面交互 --> 确定

检测方式

./check_nt -H 192.168.1.113 -p 12489 -v UPTIME
System Uptime - 22 day(s) 2 hour(s) 8 minute(s) |uptime=31808

./check_nrpe -H 192.168.1.113
I (0,4,1,90 2013-02-04) seem to be doing fine...

客户机检测

nestat -ano|findstr 5666
nestat -ano|findstr 12489

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nagios

前言

安装

客户端安装

添加监控项

服务端配置

娱乐版

监控windows

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nagios

前言

安装

客户端安装

添加监控项

服务端配置

娱乐版

监控windows