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Cacti

前言

Cacti 在英文中的意思是仙人掌的意思，Cacti是一套基于PHP、MySQL、SNMP及RRDTool开发的网络流量监测图形分析工具。它通过snmpget来获取数据，使用 RRDtool绘画图形，它的界面非常漂亮，能让你根本无需明白rrdtool的参数能轻易的绘出漂亮的图形。

Cacti安装

安装LAMP环境

rpm -ivh http://pkgs.repoforge.org/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.5.3-1.el6.rf.x86_64.rpm
ntpdate 202.120.2.101
yum install -y httpd php php-mysql php-snmp php-xml php-gd mysql mysql-server gd gd-devel

.....

httpd配置

cat /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
<VirtualHost *:80>
  DocumentRoot /web/vhosts/cacti
  ServerName cacti.test.com
  ErrorLog logs/cacti.test.com-error_log
  CustomLog logs/cacti.test.com-access_log common
  <Directory "/web/vhosts/cacti">
    Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
    DirectoryIndex index.php index.html index.htm
    AllowOverride None
    Order allow,deny
    Allow from all
  </Directory>
</VirtualHost>

模板资源

官方地址为 http://docs.cacti.net/templates，默认规则大致为：

体积大小4K的，属于模板。 console->Import Templates->import

体积小小4k的，属于配置。 参考路径为：/web/vhosts/cacti/resource/snmp_queries/disk_io.xml

配置思路简单总结

1.下载模板，导入模板和配置文件

2.Host Templates->add->centos_1
	Associated Graph Templates
	0) ucd/net - CPU Usage	Delete
	0) ucd/net - Load Average	Delete
	0) ucd/net - Memory Usage

	Associated Data Queries
	0) SNMP - Get Disk IO	Delete
	0) SNMP - Get Mounted Partitions	Delete
	0) SNMP - Interface Statistics

3.console->Devices->Add  
	Host Template ->centos_1

4.New Graphs->Host: app13	
	Graph Template Name : all 
	Data Query [SNMP - Get Disk IO]
		Index -- dm-0 代表逻辑分区，ll /dev/mapper/** 查看
	Data Query [SNMP - Get Mounted Partitions]
		Index -- 选择监控磁盘
	Data Query [SNMP - Interface Statistics]
		Index -- 选择外网网卡，graph type：In/Out Bits (64-bit Counters)

5.Graph Trees->Default Tree->Add
	Parent Item -- 父目录
	Tree Item Type -- Header:目录，Host:节点

熟悉流程后，使用脚本批量添加，脚本为 AddCacti 列表名字为：cacti.list，内容如下：

[root@cacti bin]# cat cacti.list 
vm14-192.168.100.14
vm15-192.168.100.15
vm16-192.168.100.16
...

[root@cacti bin]# ./add_cacti.sh 
Now add device vm14 ...
Adding vm14 (192.168.100.14) as "centos_1" using SNMP v2 with community "public"
Success - new device-id: (34)
Now add graphs ...
Graph Added - graph-id: (192) - data-source-ids: (339, 339)
Graph Added - graph-id: (193) - data-source-ids: (340, 341, 342)
Graph Added - graph-id: (194) - data-source-ids: (343, 344, 345)
Graph Added - graph-id: (195) - data-source-ids: (346, 347, 348)
Graph Added - graph-id: (196) - data-source-ids: (349, 349)
Graph Added - graph-id: (197) - data-source-ids: (350, 350)
Graph Added - graph-id: (198) - data-source-ids: (351, 351)
Graph Added - graph-id: (199) - data-source-ids: (352, 352)
Added Node node-id: (31)
Now add device vm15 ...

TROUBLESHOOT

初始登录失败

#查看mysql编码
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'collation_%';
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character_set_%';
mysql> set names "latin1"；
#对比密码
mysql> select * from user_auth;
mysql> select md5("admin")；
#鉴于没成功，推倒重来才行，就只做参考

监控mem不出图

1 .Console—〉Data Templates默认最大内存是10G，小于服务器内存限制，改为100G。
	rrdtool info localhost_mem_free_1.rrd --查询
2. 修改以生成的rra文件
	# rrdtool tune *_mem_free_*.rrd -a mem_free:100000000
	# rrdtool tune *_mem_buffers_*.rrd -a mem_buffers:100000000
	# rrdtool tune *_mem_cache_*.rrd -a mem_cache:100000000

rra下没有rrd文件

加入定时任务
# crontab -u cactiuser -e  
*/5 * * * * /usr/bin/php -q /web/vhosts/cacti/poller.php > /var/log/poller.log 2>&1

修改对应权限
chown -R cactiuser.cactiuser cacti/log cacti/rra

若是使用cmd.sh
chmod 755 catcti/poller.sh cacti/cmd.php

手动验证
php  /web/vhosts/cacti/poller.php
观察对应log和rra下rrd文件是否生成

spine替换cmd.php

wget http://www.cacti.net/downloads/spine/cacti-spine-0.8.8c.tar.gz
yum install net-snmp-devel mysql-devel
./configure
./make && make install

cd /usr/local/spine/etc/
mv spine.conf.dist /etc/spine.conf
vi spine.conf
DB_Host         localhost
DB_Database     cactidb
DB_User         cactiuser
DB_Pass         cactiuser
DB_Port         3306

设置spine路径，Console——Settings——Paths
cacti设置spine路径
/usr/local/spine/bin/spine
更改cacti轮询器为spine，Console——Settings——Poller
cacti更改轮询器为spine

运行：
#/usr/local/spine/bin/spine
SPINE: Using spine config file [/etc/spine.conf]
SPINE: Version 0.8.7g starting
SPINE: Time: 0.2410 s, Threads: 5, Hosts: 2

说明：spine默认配置文件需要放在/etc才会生效，否则报如下错误：
SPINE: Poller[0] FATAL: Unable to read configuration file! (Spine init)

客户端设置

yum install net-snmp

vim /etc/snmpd/snmpd.conf
40 #       sec.name  source          community
41 com2sec notConfigUser  default       public
61 #       group          context sec.model sec.level prefix read   write  notif
62 access  notConfigGroup ""      any       noauth    exact  all none none
84 ##           incl/excl subtree                          mask
85 view all    included  .1                               80

service snmpd restart
注意selinux,iptables，是否允许

批量工具推荐：clustershell

clush -b -w @app yum -y install net-snmp
clush -b -w @app -c /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf --dest=/etc/snmp
clush -b -w @app chkconfig snmpd on
clush -b -w @app service snmpd start