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ObsCore.tex

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{Fran\c{c}ois Bonnarel}
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\author{Alberto Micol}
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\editor{????Alfred Usher Thor????}
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\editor{Mireille Louys}
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\editor{Doug Tody}
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\editor[http://www.ivoa.net/twiki/bin/view/IVOA/PatrickDowler]{Patrick Dowler}
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\editor{Daniel Durand}
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% \previousversion[????URL????]{????Concise Document Label????}
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\previousversion[http://www.ivoa.net/Documents/ObsCore/20161004/PR-ObsCore-v1.1-20161004.pdf]{R-ObsCore-v1.1-20161004.pdf}
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\previousversion[https://www.ivoa.net/documents/ObsCore/20111028/REC-ObsCore-v1.0-20111028.pdf]{REC-ObsCore-v1.0-20111028.pdf}
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\usepackage{longtable}
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\usepackage{float}
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\begin{document}
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\begin{abstract}
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Time Coordinates (STC), Spectrum and SSA, and the Characterisation data models that are currently used in IVOA services
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and applications.
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%\includegraphics[width=15.923cm,height=11.942cm]{ObsCore-img002.jpg}
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Figure 1. Architecture of an ObsTAP service: it is based on the ObsCore data model,
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\begin{figure}[H]
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\centering
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\includegraphics[width=0.9\textwidth]{role_diagram.jpg}
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\caption{Architecture of an ObsTAP service}
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\label{fig:archdiag}
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\end{figure}
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The architecture of an ObsTAP service: it is based on the ObsCore data model,
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which re-uses parts of Characterisation, Spectrum, STC data models and the UCD and Units specifications. As a service
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ObsTAP relies on ADQL, TAP, UWS, TAPRegExt, VOSI and VOTable. Examples and use-cases are exposed following the
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recommendation for DALI examples.
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\subsection{Second building block: the Table Access Protocol (TAP)}
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TAP defines a service protocol for accessing tabular data such as astronomical catalogs, or more generally, database
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tables. TAP allows a client to (step 1) browse through the various tables and columns (names, units, etc.) in an
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This document is organized as follows:
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Section \ref{bkm:Ref159237242} briefly presents the types of the use cases collected from the astronomical
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\item Section \ref{sec:use-cases} briefly presents the types of the use cases collected from the astronomical
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community by the IVOA Uptake committee.
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\item Section \ref{bkm:Ref159237280} defines the core components of the Observation data model. The elements of the data
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model are summarized in Figure 2. Mandatory ObsTAP fields are summarized in Table 1.
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\item Section \ref{bkm:Ref159237315} specifies the required data model fields as they are used in the TAP service: table
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\item Section \ref{sec:core-components} defines the core components of the Observation data model. The elements of the data
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model are summarized in Figure \ref{fig:obsdataset}. Mandatory ObsTAP fields are summarized in Table 1.
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\item Section \ref{sec:obstap-impl} specifies the required data model fields as they are used in the TAP service: table
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names, column names, column data type, UCD, Utype from the Observation Core components data model, and required units.
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\item Section \ref{bkm:Ref298341494} describes how to register an ObsTAP service in a Virtual Observatory registry.
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\item Section \ref{sec:obstap-register} describes how to register an ObsTAP service in a Virtual Observatory registry.
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More detailed information is available in the appendices.
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\item Examples are cited in Appendix A
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\item Section 6 summarizes updates of this document.
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\item Appendix C shows the detailed content of the TAP\_SCHEMA tables and how to build up and fill them for the
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implementation of an ObsTAP service.
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\end{itemize}
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\section[Use cases]{Use cases}
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\label{bkm:Ref159237242}Our primary focus is on data discovery. To this end a number of use-cases have been defined,
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\label{sec:use-cases}Our primary focus is on data discovery. To this end a number of use-cases have been defined,
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aimed at finding observational data products in the VO domain by broadcasting the same query to multiple archives
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(global data discoverability and accessibility). To achieve this we need to give data providers a set of metadata
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attributes that they can easily map to their database system in order to support queries of the sort listed below.
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The detailed list of use cases proposed for data discovery is given in Appendix A.
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\subsection{Role within the VO Architecture}
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\begin{figure}
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\centering
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%\subsection{Role within the VO Architecture}
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%\begin{figure}
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%\centering
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% As of ivoatex 1.2, the architecture diagram is generated by ivoatex in
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% SVG; copy ivoatex/archdiag-full.xml to role_diagram.xml and throw out
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% all lines not relevant to your standard.
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%\includegraphics[width=0.9\textwidth]{role_diagram.pdf}
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%\caption{Architecture diagram for this document}
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%\label{fig:archdiag}
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\end{figure}
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Fig.~\ref{fig:archdiag} shows the role this document plays within the
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IVOA architecture \citep{2021ivoa.spec.1101D}.
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%\end{figure}
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%Fig.~\ref{fig:archdiag} shows the role this document plays within the
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%IVOA architecture \citep{2021ivoa.spec.1101D}.
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\section[Observation Core Components Data Model]{Observation Core Components Data Model}
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\label{bkm:Ref159237280}This section highlights and describes the core components of the Observation data model,
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\label{sec:core-components}This section highlights and describes the core components of the Observation data model,
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synthetized today in the Dataset Metadata DM specification. The term ``core components'' is meant to refer to those
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elements of the larger ``Observation Data Model'' that are required to support the use cases listed in Appendix A. In
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reality this effort is the outcome of a trade-off between what astronomers want and what data providers are ready to
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here in order to keep the core model simple.
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\subsection[UML description of the model]{UML description of the model}
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\label{sec:uml}
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This section provides a graphical overview of the Observation Core Components data model using the unified modeling
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language (UML). The UML class diagram shown in Figure 2 depicts the overall Observation Data Model, detailing those
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aspects that are relevant to the Core Components, while omitting those not relevant. The Characterisation classes
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Spectrum/SSA data model where only a subset of the attributes are actually necessary for data discovery. For our
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purposes here we show Characterisation classes only down to the level of the Support class (level 3).
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%\includegraphics[width=17.489cm,height=19.59cm]{ObsCore-img003.png}
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\label{bkm:Ref158037359}Figure F3. Depicted here are the classes used to organize
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observational metadata. Classes may be linked either via association or aggregation. The minimal set of necessary
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attributes for data discovery is shown in brown.
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\begin{figure}[H]
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\centering
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%\includegraphics[width=17.489cm,height=19.59cm]{ObsDataset.png}
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\includegraphics[width=0.9\textwidth]{ObsDataset.png}
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\caption{ObsDataset metadata}
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\label{fig:obsdataset}
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\end{figure}
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Figure \ref{fig:obsdataset} depicts the classes used to organize observational metadata. Classes may be linked either via
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association or aggregation. The minimal set of necessary attributes for data discovery is shown in brown.
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For the sake of clarity, the SpatialAxis, SpectralAxis and TimeAxis classes on the diagram are not expanded on the main
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class diagram. Details for these axes are shown in Figure 3 for the spatial axis, Figure 4 for the spectral axis and
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Figure 5 for the time axis.
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%\includegraphics[width=14.605cm,height=10.239cm]{ObsCore-img004.png}
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\label{bkm:Ref158037577}Figure F5. Details of the classes linked to the description of the
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\begin{figure}[H]
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\centering
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%\includegraphics[width=14.605cm,height=10.239cm]{Char-Spatial.png}
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\includegraphics[width=0.9\textwidth]{Char-Spatial.png}
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\caption{Spatial Axis Characterisation}
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\label{fig:char-spatial}
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\end{figure}
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Figure \ref{fig:char-spatial} shows the details of the classes linked to the description of the
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spatial axis for an Observation dataset. All axes in this model inherit the main structure from the
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CharacterisationAxis class, but some peculiar attributes are necessary for Space coordinates.
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%\includegraphics[width=17.427cm,height=10.495cm]{ObsCore-img005.png}
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\label{bkm:Ref158037643}Figure F5. Spectral axis: details of the classes necessary to
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\begin{figure}[H]
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\centering
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%\includegraphics[width=17.427cm,height=10.495cm]{Char-Spectral.png}
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\includegraphics[width=0.9\textwidth]{Char-Spectral.png}
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\caption{Spectral Axis Characterisation}
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\label{fig:char-spectral}
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\end{figure}
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Figure \ref{fig:char-spectral} shows the Spectral axis: details of the classes necessary to
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describe the spectral properties of an Observation dataset. UCD and units are essential to disentangle various possible
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spectral quantities.
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%\includegraphics[width=13.524cm,height=9.075cm]{ObsCore-img006.png}
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\label{bkm:Ref291003095}Figure F6. The classes from the Characterisation DM used to
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\begin{figure}[H]
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\centering
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%\includegraphics[width=13.524cm,height=9.075cm]{Char-Time.png}
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\includegraphics[width=0.9\textwidth]{Char-Time.png}
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\caption{Time Axis Characterisation}
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\label{fig:char-time}
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\end{figure}
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Figure \ref{fig:char-time} shows the classes from the Characterisation DM used to
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describe time metadata.
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Details on the ObsCoreDM axes definitions are available in the Characterisation data model standard document
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See section \ref{bkm:Ref289893457} for more details and implementation requirements.
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\section{Implementation of ObsCore in a TAP Service}
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\label{bkm:Ref159237315}The ObsCore model must be implemented within Table Access Protocol (TAP) services such that all
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\label{sec:obstap-impl}The ObsCore model must be implemented within Table Access Protocol (TAP) services such that all
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valid queries can be executed unchanged on any service that implements the model. Additional optional or
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provider-defined columns are permitted (see section \ref{bkm:Ref421295535}) so long as all mandatory columns are
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provided. The protocol does not specify any specific ordering of fields in the query response so long as the mandatory
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ones. Queries built up using additional columns defined specifically for a given archive might not be portable.
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\section{Registering an ObsTAP Service}
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\label{bkm:Ref298341494}The standard identifier for this version of the ObsCore model now follows the IVOA Identifiers
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\label{sec:obstap-register}The standard identifier for this version of the ObsCore model now follows the IVOA Identifiers
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v2.0 specification \cite{CITATIONDem16l1036} and should be ivo://ivoa.net/std/ObsCore\#core-1.1
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The ObsCore data model will be registered using this identifier in the StandardsRegExt (standards registry extension)

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