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JSON Engine Comparison

Legend

  • SAX: Event/callback-based parsing.
  • DOM: Full in-memory JSON representation.
  • Stream / incremental: Can parse from a stream or in chunks without requiring the complete JSON input as one string.
  • JSON Schema: Native JSON Schema validation support in the library itself.
  • Header-only: Can be integrated mainly by adding headers, useful for git submodules and avoiding external link dependencies.
  • Not found: No native support found in the official documentation/repository checked.

Parser Libraries

Library GitHub SAX / Event API DOM API Stream / Incremental API JSON Schema Validation Integration Type Notes
RapidJSON https://github.com/Tencent/rapidjson Yes Yes Yes Yes Header-only Supports both SAX and DOM. SAX Reader parses from a stream and publishes events to a handler. JSON Schema validation exists and can also work in SAX style while parsing.
nlohmann/json https://github.com/nlohmann/json Yes Yes Limited / input-stream based Not found natively Header-only / single-header Has json::sax_parse(...) and a json_sax interface. Important: sax_parse() returns only bool and does not return a JSON value; the user must handle events manually. DOM parsing via json::parse(...) is the normal high-level use case.
YAJL https://github.com/lloyd/yajl Yes Limited tree interface Yes No JSON Schema; validating generator only Compiled C library Event-driven SAX-style parser written in ANSI C. Supports stream/incremental parsing and generation. This is the existing external dependency style we may want to avoid.
json-c https://github.com/json-c/json-c No dedicated SAX found Yes Yes / tokener-based chunk parsing Not found natively Compiled C library Provides a reference-counted object model. json_tokener_parse_ex() can parse buffers with explicit length and tokener state.
Jansson https://github.com/akheron/jansson No dedicated SAX found Yes Yes / callback input loading Not found natively Compiled C library C library for encoding, decoding, and manipulating JSON. Has json_load_callback() to read JSON input repeatedly via callback, but the exposed model is still DOM-like json_t.
cJSON https://github.com/DaveGamble/cJSON No dedicated SAX found Yes No dedicated streaming parser found Not found natively Single .c + .h C library Very small ANSI C parser. Easy to vendor, but not header-only and not SAX/streaming focused.
JsonCpp https://github.com/open-source-parsers/jsoncpp No dedicated SAX found Yes No dedicated streaming parser found Not found natively Compiled C++ library C++ library for manipulating JSON values, including serialization/deserialization. Useful for DOM-style tests/config, less suitable for SAX/streaming requirements.
jsoncons https://github.com/danielaparker/jsoncons Yes Yes Yes / streaming-style APIs Yes Header-only Feature-rich C++ library. Supports JSON-like data formats, DOM-style basic_json, streaming/event-style processing, and JSON Schema.
simdjson https://github.com/simdjson/simdjson No classical SAX API Yes Yes / On-Demand and parse-many APIs Not found natively Compiled library, also single-header distribution exists Very high-performance parser. Has DOM and On-Demand APIs; On-Demand is lazy / just-in-time, not classical SAX callbacks. parse_many supports streams containing multiple JSON documents.
yyjson https://github.com/ibireme/yyjson No classical SAX API found Yes No dedicated streaming parser found Not found natively C library (.h + .c) High-performance ANSI C library. Reading returns immutable documents/values; writing uses mutable documents/values. A SAX-like API was requested in an issue, which indicates it is not the normal API model.
Glaze https://github.com/stephenberry/glaze No classical SAX API found Object / in-memory oriented Not primary / not classical SAX streaming Not found natively Header-only C++ library Modern C++ JSON/reflection library. Reads/writes from object memory. Good for typed C++ object serialization, but not primarily a SAX parser. Check project C++ version requirements before adopting.

Validator Libraries

Library GitHub SAX / Event API DOM API Stream / Incremental API JSON Schema Validation Integration Type Notes
Blaze https://github.com/sourcemeta/blaze No No Not a parser Yes Compiled C++ library Dedicated high-performance JSON Schema validator. It should be considered a validation component, not a parser replacement. Use it after parsing JSON with another library.

Architecture Notes

  • Blaze is not a JSON parser.
  • If Blaze is used, the architecture should be:
[ JSON Parser ] -> [ JSON Schema Validator ]