Smart Plant Care System (Echeveria Peacockii)

IoT Master Class Indobot 2022 Final Project

Echeveria Peacockii is a type of plant that is related to cactus, but there are no thorns on the body of this plant, making it very attractive to ornamental plant lovers. The care of Echeveria Peacockii until now is still done conventionally, making it wasteful of time and energy. Therefore, this project was created to obtain a system that is able to perform watering as well as being able to monitor changes in conditions that exist in the environment around the plant. This project has been implemented and took approximately 1 month. The system interface uses Telegram Bot. The results showed that the system created can function properly.

Project Requirements

Part	Description
Development Board	DOIT ESP32 DEVKIT V1
Code Editor	Arduino IDE
Application Support	Telegram Bot
Driver	CP210X USB Driver
IoT Platform	• Blynk • ThingsBoard
Communications Protocol	• Inter Integrated Circuit (I2C) • Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) • Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) • MTProto
IoT Architecture	4 Layer
Programming Language	C/C++
Arduino Library	• WiFi (default) • BlynkSimpleEsp32 • ThingsBoard • PubSubClient • CTBot • ArduinoJson • LiquidCrystal_I2C • DHT_sensor_library • ESP_FC28
Actuators	Submersible pump (x2)
Sensor	• FC-28: Resistive Soil Moisture (x1) • LDR: Light Dependent Resistor (x1) • DHT22: Air Temperature & Humidity (x1)
Display	LCD I2C (x1)
Other Components	• Micro USB cable - USB type A (x1) • Jumper cable (1 set) • ESP32 expansion board (x1) • Breadboard (x1) • Electromechanical relay 2-channel (x1) • Adaptor DC 5V (x1) • Resistor (x2) • Casing box (x1) • Bolts plus (1 set) • Nuts (1 set)

Download & Install

1. Arduino IDE

   https://bit.ly/ArduinoIDE_Installer

   
   

2. CP210X USB Driver

   https://bit.ly/CP210X_USBdriver

Project Designs

Infrastructure

Pictorial Diagram

Software Design

Wiring

Scanning the I2C Address on the LCD

#include <Wire.h>

void setup() {
  Wire.begin();
  Serial.begin(115200);
  while (!Serial); // Wait for serial monitor
  Serial.println("\nI2C Scanner");
}

void loop() {
  int nDevices = 0;
  Serial.println("Scanning...");

  for (byte address = 1; address < 127; ++address) {
    // The i2c_scanner uses the return value of the Wire.endTransmission to see if a device did acknowledge to the address.
    Wire.beginTransmission(address);
    byte error = Wire.endTransmission();

    if (error == 0) {
      Serial.print("I2C device found at address 0x");
      if (address < 16) {
        Serial.print("0");
      }
      Serial.print(address, HEX);
      Serial.println("  !");

      ++nDevices;
    } else if (error == 4) {
      Serial.print("Unknown error at address 0x");
      if (address < 16) {
        Serial.print("0");
      }
      Serial.println(address, HEX);
    }
  }
  if (nDevices == 0) {
    Serial.println("No I2C devices found\n");
  } else {
    Serial.println("done\n");
  }
  delay(5000); // Wait 5 seconds for next scan
}

Arduino IDE Setup

1. Open the Arduino IDE first, then open the project by clicking File -> Open :

   SistemPerawatanEcheveriaBlynkIoT.ino or SistemPerawatanEcheveriaThingsboardIoT.ino

   
   

2. Fill in the Additional Board Manager URLs in Arduino IDE

   Click File -> Preferences -> enter the Boards Manager Url by copying the following link : https://dl.espressif.com/dl/package_esp32_index.json

   
   

3. Board Setup in Arduino IDE

   How to setup the DOIT ESP32 DEVKIT V1 board
   • Click Tools -> Board -> Boards Manager -> Install esp32. • Then selecting a board by clicking: Tools -> Board -> ESP32 Arduino -> DOIT ESP32 DEVKIT V1.

   
   

4. Change the Board Speed in Arduino IDE

   Click Tools -> Upload Speed -> 115200

   
   

5. Install Library in Arduino IDE

   Download all the library zip files. Then paste it in the: C:\Users\Computer_Username\Documents\Arduino\libraries

   
   

6. Port Setup in Arduino IDE

   Click Port -> Choose according to your device port (you can see in device manager)

   
   

7. Change the WiFi Name, WiFi Password, and so on according to what you are currently using.
   
   

8. Before uploading the program please click: Verify.
   
   

9. If there is no error in the program code, then please click: Upload.
   
   

10. Some things you need to do when using the ESP32 board :

    • If ESP32 board cannot process Source Code totally -> Press EN (RST) button -> Restart. • If ESP32 board cannot process Source Code automatically then : When information: Uploading... has appeared -> immediately press and hold the BOOT button. When information: Writing at .... (%) has appeared -> release the BOOT button. • If message: Done Uploading has appeared -> The previously entered program can already be operated. • Do not press the BOOT and EN buttons at the same time as this may switch to Upload Firmware mode.

    
    

11. If there is still a problem when uploading the program, then try checking the driver / port / others section.

Blynk Setup

1. Getting started with blynk :

   • Go to the official Blynk website: blynk.io. • Click Start Free untuk mendaftar. • Enter an email. • Open email for confirmation. • Log in using the account that has been created.

   
   

2. Create a new template :

   • Click Developer Zone -> then select My Templates option. • Then click + New Templates to create a New Template. • The NAME section is filled with Smart Farming, HARDWARE select ESP32, CONNECTION TYPE select WiFi, TEMPLATE DESCRIPTION is optional. • Click Done.

   
   

3. Create datastreams :

   • Enter Datastreams menu -> click + New Datastreams -> select Virtual Pin. • Input the first data : NAME -> suhu_udara PIN -> V0 DATA TYPE -> Double UNITS -> Celcius, °C MIN -> 0 MAX -> 100 DECIMALS -> #.# DEFAULT VALUE -> 0 • Input the second data : NAME -> kelembaban_udara PIN -> V1 DATA TYPE -> Integer UNITS -> Percentage, % MIN -> 0 MAX -> 100 DEFAULT VALUE -> 0 • Input the third data : NAME -> kelembaban_tanah PIN -> V2 DATA TYPE -> Integer UNITS -> Percentage, % MIN -> 0 MAX -> 100 DEFAULT VALUE -> 0 • Input the fourth data : NAME -> cahaya PIN -> V3 DATA TYPE -> Integer UNITS -> Lux, lx MIN -> 0 MAX -> 100000 DEFAULT VALUE -> 0 • Input the fifth data : NAME -> indikator_pompa1 PIN -> V4 DATA TYPE -> Integer UNITS -> None MIN -> 0 MAX -> 1 DEFAULT VALUE -> 0 • Input the sixth data : NAME -> indikator_pompa2 PIN -> V5 DATA TYPE -> Integer UNITS -> None MIN -> 0 MAX -> 1 DEFAULT VALUE -> 0 • Input the seventh data : NAME -> tombol_siram PIN -> V6 DATA TYPE -> Integer UNITS -> None MIN -> 0 MAX -> 1 DEFAULT VALUE -> 0 • Click Create. • Click Save.

   
   

4. Create a new device :

   • Enter Devices menu. • Click + New Devices to add new devices. • Select From Templates : TEMPLATE -> Smart Farming DEVICE NAME -> Smart Farming • Click Create.

   
   

5. Manage dashboard on the Blynk site :

   • Click 3 dot symbol -> then select Edit Dashboard. • Select the desired widget then drag into the dashboard area. • Click setting on the added widget. • Select a datastream that is already available, among others: suhu_udara / kelembaban_udara / kelembaban_tanah / cahaya / indikator_pompa1 / indikator_pompa2 / tombol_siram. • Click Save And Apply.

   
   

6. Manage dashboards on the Blynk mobile app :

   • Open your smart phone -> then in the Google Play Store, find the application called Blynk IoT -> then install. • Open the application -> then do the configuration as on the Blynk site earlier. • For the rest, you can search for tutorials on Google to enrich your knowledge.

   
   

7. Firmware configuration :

   • Go to Devices menu -> select Smart Farming -> click Device Info. • Copy Template ID, Template Name, and AuthToken. • Then paste it at the very top of the firmware code, for example like this : #define BLYNK_TEMPLATE_ID "TMPL6ZSHxYC-z" #define BLYNK_TEMPLATE_NAME "Smart Farming" #define BLYNK_AUTH_TOKEN "fw1oXlpe-YfYh7JXQHu4QTS3EqlnM-iw"

ThingsBoard Setup

1. Getting started with ThingsBoard :

   • Go to the official ThingsBoard website: thingsboard.cloud. • Log in with google account.

   
   

2. Create a new device profile :

   • Go to Profiles menu -> then select Device profiles. • Click + (Add device profile). • Device profile details: Name -> MQTT. • Transport configuration: Transport type -> MQTT. Then fill in the MQTT data as shown below : Telemetry topic filter: v1/devices/me/telemetry/fpiotdevan. This should be the same as the one in the firmware code. Attributes publish & subscribe topic filter: v1/devices/me/attributes/fpiotdevan. This should be the same as the one in the firmware code. MQTT device payload : JSON. • Click Add to add.

   
   

3. Create a new device :

   • Go to Entities menu -> then select Devices -> Groups. • Change the device access groups All to Public so that it can be used widely. • Open device groups All. • Click + (Add device). • Make 1 device with the following conditions : Name -> EcheveriaIoT Label -> EcheveriaIoT Device profile -> default

   
   

4. Create a dashboard :

   • Go to Dashboards menu -> Groups -> All. • Change the dashboard access groups All to Public so that it can be used widely. • Open dashboard groups All. • Click + (Add dashboard). • Then name it Echeveria Dashboard -> click Add to add. • Change title to Sistem Perawatan Echeveria. • Select desired widget -> settings on widgets.

   
   

5. Firmware configuration :

   • Go to Entities menu -> then select Devices -> Groups. • Click EcheveriaIoT -> copy the Device ID and Token mentioned. • Then paste in the firmware code, for example like this : #define DEVICE_ID_TB "26001630-a274-11ee-9db5-1fb69bbe078f" #define ACCESS_TOKEN_TB "tovosJJOLHzwc42DSfvM"

Telegram Bot Setup

1. Open @BotFather.
   
   

2. Type /newbot.
   
   

3. Type the desired bot name, for example: echeveria_bot.
   
   

4. Type the desired bot username, for example: echeveria_bot.
   
   

5. Also do it for bot image settings, bot descriptions, and so on according to your needs.
   
   

6. Copy your telegram bot API token -> then paste it into the #define BOTtoken "YOUR_API_BOT_TOKEN" section.

   For example : #define BOTtoken "5911801402:AAFEEuBYHPmDxlYQxfPpTCZkRpn5d8hV_3E"

Get Started

1. Download and extract this repository.
   
   

2. Make sure you have the necessary electronic components.
   
   

3. Make sure your components are designed according to the diagram.
   
   

4. Configure your device according to the settings above.
   
   

5. Please enjoy [Done].

Highlights

Device

Telegram Bot Interface			Monitoring via Blynk Mobile

Monitoring via Thingsboard

Demonstration of Application

Via Telegram: @echeveria_bot

Notes

In this project, the millis() function has been implemented to minimize code blocking and improve efficiency. However, to get much more optimized results in the future, it is recommended to use RTOS (Real-Time Operating System) to manage task prioritization.

Appreciation

If this work is useful to you, then support this work as a form of appreciation to the author by clicking the ⭐Star button at the top of the repository.

Disclaimer

This application is my own work and is not the result of plagiarism from other people's research or work, except those related to third party services which include: libraries, frameworks, and so on.

LICENSE

MIT License - Copyright © 2023 - Devan C. M. Wijaya, S.Kom

Permission is hereby granted without charge to any person obtaining a copy of this software and the software-related documentation files to deal in them without restriction, including without limitation the right to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons receiving the Software to be furnished therewith on the following terms:

The above copyright notice and this permission notice must accompany all copies or substantial portions of the Software.

IN ANY EVENT, THE AUTHOR OR COPYRIGHT HOLDER HEREIN RETAINS FULL OWNERSHIP RIGHTS. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED AS IS, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, THEREFORE IF ANY DAMAGE, LOSS, OR OTHERWISE ARISES FROM THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE, THE AUTHOR OR COPYRIGHT HOLDER SHALL NOT BE LIABLE, AS THE USE OF THE SOFTWARE IS NOT COMPELLED AT ALL, SO THE RISK IS YOUR OWN.