Using IX.Observable pulls in IX.Library as a dependency, and Range is public there.
It looks like you've tried to make it conditional on the TFM? Unfortunately that's not sufficient. If you're not using Range in the public API surface, consider adopting https://github.com/Sergio0694/PolySharp or https://github.com/meziantou/Meziantou.Polyfill for generated, internal polyfills.