feat: add math object

Author: ExploitEngineer

part1 (Basics)/07_math.js

@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+// INFO: Math Object in JavaScript
+
+/*
+The Math object in JavaScript provides properties and methods for mathematical constants and functions.
+
+---
+
+INFO: Math Operators:
+
+1. Exponentiation: **
+   - Raises a number to the power of another.
+   - Alternative: Math.pow(base, exponent)
+
+---
+
+INFO: Math Object Properties:
+
+1. Math.PI
+The ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter (≈ 3.14159)
+
+2. MATH.E
+Euler's number (≈ 2.718), the base of natural logarithms.
+
+3. MATH.LN2
+Natural logarithm of 2.
+
+4. MATH.LN10
+Natural logarithm of 10.
+
+5. MATH.LOG2E
+Base-2 logatithm of E.
+
+6. MATH.SQRT1_2
+Square root of 1/2 (≈ 0.707)
+
+7. MATH.SQRT2
+Square root of 2 (≈ 1.414)
+
+---
+
+INFO: Math Object Methods:
+
+1. Math.round()
+Rounds a number to the nereast integer.
+
+2. Math.floor()
+Always rounds down to the nereast integer.
+
+3. Math.ceil()
+Always rounds up to the nereast integer.
+
+4. Math.random()
+Returns a random decimal number between 0 (inclusive) & 1 (exclusive).
+
+5. Math.max()
+Returns the largest number from a set of numbers.
+
+6. Math.min()
+Returns the smallest number from a set of numbers. 
+
+7. Math.pow()
+Returns base raised to the power of exponent (base ^ exponent).
+
+8. Math.sqrt()
+Returns the square root of a number.
+
+9. Math.abs()
+Returns the absolute (positive) value of a number.
+
+10. Math.trunc()
+Removes the decimal part and returns only the integer.
+
+*/
+
+// INFO: MATH Object Operators 
+
+// Exponentiation
+console.log(2 ** 4);
+console.log(Math.pow(2, 4));
+
+// INFO: MATH Object Properties
+
+// Math.PI
+console.log(Math.PI);
+
+// MATH.E
+console.log(MATH.E);
+
+// MATH.LN2
+console.log(MATH.LN2);
+
+// MATH.LN10
+console.log(MATH.LN10);
+
+// MATH.LOG2E
+console.log(MATH.LOG2E);
+
+// MATH.SQRT1_2
+console.log(MATH.SQRT1_2);
+
+// MATH.SQRT2
+console.log(MATH.SQRT2);
+
+// INFO: MATH Object Methods
+
+// MATH.round()
+console.log(4.5); // 5
+console.log(4.4); // 4
+
+// MATH.floor()
+console.log(Math.floor(4.9)); // 4
+console.log(Math.floor(-4.1)); // -5
+
+// MATH.ceil()
+console.log(Math.ceil(4.1)); // 5
+console.log(Math.ceil(-4.9)); // -4
+
+// Math.random()
+console.log(Math.random()); // Random float between 0 and 1
+
+// Math.max()
+console.log(Math.max(3, 10, 2)); // 10
+
+// Math.min()
+console.log(Math.min(3, 7, 1, 9)); // 1
+
+// MATH.pow()
+console.log(MATH.pow(2, 3)); // 8 (2 ^ 3)
+
+// MATH.sqrt()
+console.log(MATH.sqrt(16)); // 4
+
+// MATH.abs()
+console.log(MATH.abs(-5)); // 5
+
+// MATH.trunc()
+console.log(MATH.trunc(4.9)); // 4
+console.log(MATH.trunc(-4.9)); // -4
+