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DIY CNC Router Assembly Guide (Wood Frame)


Tools Required

  • Screwdrivers
  • Power drill
  • Wrench
  • Measuring tape

Step 1: Build Wood Frame

Materials:

  • 12mm plywood:
    • 2x Side panels (400mm x 300mm)
    • 1x Base (500mm x 400mm)
    • 1x Gantry (400mm x 100mm)

Instructions:

  1. Glue base and side panels.
  2. Secure gantry with M5 bolts (ensure 90° angles).
  3. Reinforce joints with L-brackets (optional).

Step 2: Motion System

Components:

  • MGN12 linear rails (X: 400mm, Y: 300mm)
  • T8 lead screws

Instructions:

  1. Mount rails to the frame.
  2. Align lead screws with rails.
  3. Attach stepper motors using couplers.

Step 3: Electronics

Wiring:

  1. Connect CNC Shield to Arduino.
  2. Wire steppers to drivers (X: A, Y: B, Z: C).
  3. Connect limit switches to X-/Y-/Z- pins.
  4. Wire spindle to CNC Shield.

Step 4: Mount Spindle

  1. Attach 775 motor to Z-axis.
  2. Connect PWM pin (11) and enable pin (12).
  3. Add a cooling fan near the spindle.

Step 5: Calibration

  1. Power on and run G28 (homing).
  2. Test movement with test_square.gcode.
  3. Adjust steps/mm if needed.