Complete exercises for Module Tools/Sprint 5/Prep - step 4 'Methods'

Author: Geraldine-Edwards

prep-exercises/d_methods.py

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+from datetime import date
+
+
+# ------------------------
+# Exercise 1
+# ------------------------
+# Q. Advantages of methods over free functions
+# A. Encapsulation - Grouping the data (the attributes) and the behaviour (the  methods) together
+#    means that the code is more organised and easier to understand. It also allows you to hide
+#    the internal details of how the class works to other parts of the program, so changes
+#    to the class can be made without affecting external code. Plus, it prevents
+#    accidental changes to the class's data from outside the class.
+
+#    Ease of documentation -  When you use methods, all the actions (functions) related to a specific 
+#    thing (like a Person or a String) are grouped inside the class for that thing. This makes it 
+#    easier to find and understand what that thing can do because everything is in one place.
+
+#    Inheritance and reusability - methods can be inherited and overridden in subclasses, making them
+#    reusable and offering customization.
+
+#    Access to state - Methods can directly access and modify the data (attributes) of an object using 
+#    self, which free functions cannot do as they are not tied to any specific object.
+
+#    Polymorphism - Methods support this by allowing you to define methods with the same name in
+#    different classes, you call the same methods on different objects but each with behaviour,
+#    that is specific to that class.
+
+
+# ------------------------
+# Exercise 2
+# ------------------------
+# Change the Person class to take a date of birth (using the standard library’s datetime.date class)
+# and store it in a field instead of age. Update the is_adult method to act the same as before.
+
+class Person:
+    def __init__(self, name: str, date_of_birth: date, preferred_operating_system: str):
+        self.name = name
+        self.date_of_birth = date_of_birth
+        self.preferred_operating_system = preferred_operating_system
+
+    def is_adult(self) -> bool:
+        today = date.today()
+        age = today.year - self.date_of_birth.year - ((today.month, today.day) < (self.date_of_birth.month, self.date_of_birth.day))
+        return age >= 18
+
+imran = Person("Imran", date(2002, 1, 12), "Ubuntu")
+print(imran.is_adult())