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<a href="/2020/04/21/techniques/native-package/" class="post-title-link" itemprop="url">一次打包jar-with-native的经历</a>
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<time title="创建时间：2020-04-21 14:57:00 / 修改时间：14:58:57" itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" datetime="2020-04-21T14:57:00+08:00">2020-04-21</time>
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<h2 id="背景"><a href="#背景" class="headerlink" title="背景"></a>背景</h2><p>最近参与一个共同项目，在里面各种划水，抱着队友的大腿，自己主动挑一些边边角角的任务去做，显得好像自己也在参与一样（笑）。落脚点依然是自己的舒适区，好听点叫“提升工程效率”，说白了就是减轻（不知道有没有人去后续维护）的后续维护者的上手负担，以及减少（减少了他们也不一定看得出来的）用户使用项目成果的难度。</p>
<p>这次的具体需求是，要把<a href="https://github.com/Z3Prover/z3" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Z3</a>的java版本打包进可执行的jar里面，使得用kotlin写的工具能够方便地调用Z3接口。Z3调用部分的代码队友已经写好了，在自己的IDE上跑起来也顺风顺水，然而打包成jar就出问题了。原因是没有将native库打包进去，使得执行jar的时候无法加载到这些库。所以这篇文章就分享一下这次打包native库的经验。</p>
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<a href="/2020/02/10/study/android-permission/" class="post-title-link" itemprop="url">关于Android的minSdkVersion、targetSdkVersion和compileSdkVersion</a>
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<h2 id="前言"><a href="#前言" class="headerlink" title="前言"></a>前言</h2><p>这是全网第一万篇关于这个问题的文章了，从stackoverflow、quora、medium，到知乎、简书、csdn，每个技术人员聚集的社区里面都能搜出一堆试图说明这些“版本”的文章、问答。于是大家，不管是不是真的理解，总归是会记住这么一条“金科玉律”：</p>
<blockquote>
<p>minSdkVersion <= targetSdkVersion <= compileSdkVersion</p>
</blockquote>
<p>再细致一点的还会说到，minSdkVersion用于在应用商店中检查APK的最低运行版本，compileSdkVersion应该使用当前最新的版本，targetSdkVersion应该尽可能和compileSdkVersion保持同步。这个说法流传如此之广，以至于成了一种近乎标准答案的回答（另一个典型的例子是“进程是资源分配的最小单位，线程是cpu调度的最小单位”）。这种说法对于我来说依然是云里雾里的，所以我打算写一篇自己能看懂的文章（就是这篇）。这里不会像知乎标题党那样动辄“这一篇终于讲清楚了”，也没办法像码怪那样“答案都在源码里面”。写作的目的只是为了让自己理解，视角难免浅薄，如有错误，还望不吝指出。</p>
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<p>起因是最近在工作中要对apk文件进行静态分析，发现对于进行加固的apk分析效果不甚满意。之后发现原因是这个apk进行过加固，入口被隐藏了，于是萌生出要对它进行逆向的想法。最后算是做出来了，也和老板说的一样，没什么学术价值，但很有成就感，说到底，会喜欢玩ctf也是这个道理吧。</p>
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<p>以前用ubuntu用的风生水起的时候（实际上并没有），从没考虑过给idea或者是pycharm换终端。在ubuntu上正常使用的是<a href="https://fishshell.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">fish</a>，稍微有那么一点geek范。但回到IDE里面，用着ubuntu自带的bash也并无不适。</p>
<p>直到开始用windows工作时，才意识到无论cmd还是powershell都极其恶心。居然就以这种状态，还坚持了大半年。后来换了<a href="https://cmder.net/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">cmder</a>，也就一并搜索并解决了换IDE终端的问题。</p>
<p>说白了就一行设置的事情，到底是为了多水一篇文章。回看发现发布上一篇竟然是一年前的事情了，不禁想起当初被年兽一语道破：“写博客不难，难的是坚持写博客。”</p>
<p>回到正题，设置路径是<code>Settings -> Tools -> Terminal -> Shell path</code>，加上一行：</p>
<p><code>"cmd.exe" /k ""C:\Program Files\cmder\vendor\init.bat""</code></p>
<p>路径也可以换成<code>%CMDER_ROOT%\vendor\init.bat</code>，但要设置环境变量。 </p>
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<p>本来想只写一篇的，但是上一篇写完就想摸鱼了，于是急急忙忙发布出去，把剩下的内容留到这一篇。然而看完才发现，后面四篇的内容也不是很多。那这一篇的意义可能也就只是水多一篇博客了吧：）</p>
<p>这个教程一共有八篇文章，然而代码只给出了六个分类，看完之后发现代码少的是第5、6篇文章。这两篇文章，一篇是讲怎么在nasm下定义宏的，另一篇关于另一种汇编器gas的不同，以及诸如操作符位长这样的杂七杂八的东西，不是特别通用，也没有深入探讨，就稍微浏览一遍。作者也没有对这两篇教程写新的代码。这篇博文也就主要是最后两篇教程的内容。</p>
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<p>这一篇博客是看了GitHub上一个<a href="https://github.com/0xAX/asm" target="_blank" rel="noopener">x86_64汇编入门教程</a>之后的小总结。</p>
<p>有点忘记是是什么时候看到这个系列的教程的了，想着把它看完，毕竟也就8个part。趁着考完试先看了一大半，算是补上了关于x64汇编的一些边边角角的知识吧。</p>
<p>想起来本科时候没教汇编，之所以学完全就是冲着pwn去的，只算是学会了一些零散的知识点，但在pwn题中已经够用了（一方面是自己在pwn方面也没有很深入学习，另一方面是都是上来就IDA Pro F5，确实用不了多少汇编）。这个教程，其实也并不是很好，有很多地方并没有说明白，只能靠着以前的基础补全细节；但另一方面，这个教程也确实覆盖了基础的x64汇编了，自己也学到了以前不会的知识。所以在这里就把自己学会的零散的知识点记录一下，仅仅是自我友好型的一篇博客了。</p>
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<p>学习隐马尔可夫模型（Hidden Markov Model）的起因是在一个任务中被要求实现一个viterbi算法，系统学习之后被它的简洁和强大所吸引，也因此决定要写这篇文章。</p>
<p>文章主要还是以概念为主，不会涉及算法细节，力求知识的完整性和系统性，牺牲了一定的深度。对HMM的框架做了个大概的总结，实际上也就是把博客当成了电子版的笔记本了吧。</p>
<h3 id="基本模型：假设、参数"><a href="#基本模型：假设、参数" class="headerlink" title="基本模型：假设、参数"></a>基本模型：假设、参数</h3><p>在周志华的《机器学习》中，概率图模型分为两类，一类是通过有向图定义的贝叶斯网，一类是通过无向图定义的马尔可夫网。虽然名字上会造成困扰，但实际上HMM属于贝叶斯网，因为它描述的是可观测的时序状态和潜在的马尔科夫链（Markov chain）之间的概率关系，因而是有向的链表结构。</p>
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<p>本文是《Effective Python 编写高质量Python代码的59个有效方法》一书的笔记的最后一篇。算是断断续续地看完这本书了，就结果来说，可能未必说得上在这一门语言上实现了什么重大认知的突破。但在这个过程中，学到了一些关于python的用法，也算是有所收获的。</p>
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<p>The last commit in my mbe repo is Jan. 8th, after 5 months I finally crack the last challenge project2. Roughly I solve all challenges in more than one year, but I put it down to my lack of activation. However, I learn a lot from this open course and approve it to be a good source to learn pwn techniques in CTF.</p>
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